Measuring distance using quadrature encoder

I am currently doing a project that requires the positioning and characterization of TV signals. As such, the position of the TV receiver is one important variable that i have to measure. I am required to automate the measurements and data logging using a PC/notebook. I have purchased a 2-channel HEDS-9000 quadrature encoder with 2000 CPR & the HEDS6120 codewheel - both from Avago Tech, to be interfaced with the notebook/PC. My idea is to get a TTL-to-RS232-to-USB converter to interface with the PC, so that i can feed the output from the encoder to the PC. However, i dun have much idea on how I can use LabView to interface the encoder and the PC. Can anyone offer some valuable advice?
Btw, the encoder module consists of 5 pins - Vcc, GND, CH.A, CH.B, with one pin not used.
Thanks !!

Hi,
I think one of the best and reliable options that should meet your needs is a bus-powered USB-M-Series device like the USB-6210.
The USB-6210 is a multifunction data acquisition device with 16 analog inputs, 4 digital inputs, 4 digital outputs and 2 counters. Each of the counters can interface directly to the quadrature encoder signals of your HEDS-9000.
It's very easy to use this device with the NI-DAQmx API for position measurements in LabVIEW. In fact there are some shipping examples that you can use for getting started.
I hope this helps,
Jochen Klier
National Instruments Germany
Message Edited by Jochen on 02-09-2007 09:18 AM

Similar Messages

RPM Measurement using Quadrature Encoder and PXI 6602 counter

Hi,
I am on a project at work where I need to verify the speed (in RPM) of an unloaded motor which can operate up to 1400 rpm. After doing some research, i determined that a quadrature encoder could be used to make the measurement. I am looking at this encoder http://sine.ni.com/nips/cds/view/p/lang/en/nid/205321.
I have a PXI 6602 counter/timer module in which I would like to interface to the quadrature encoder. I would like to create a VI that allows me to calculate the speed using the encoder. Can someone provide me with details of what needs to be in the VI or an example which can do this? At the most basic level, i want to calculate the speed on demand. After doing this, i would like to figure out how to quickly calculate the speed so that i can determine response time of the speed changing within sub-millisecond resolution (1 ms resolution max).
Further, i created a VI that allows me to change the pulse width of a 100 Hz pulse train at run-time which tells the motor controller the desired speed. I would like to be able to use this VI to change the speed of the motor and the first VI (that I am seeking help about) to calculate the response time (time between the initial speed and settling at the new setpoint).
I am familiar with the NI example finder, but have not been able to find an example that I can use.
Thanks,
Gary

Hey Gary,
I think for you setup, you should try using the Meas Dig Frequency - Low Freq 1 ctr. You can find it by searching example finder with 'low freq'. This vi tells you the frequency of a digital signal by sampling between two pulses and inverting the time between pulses. If you hook up your encoder to a counter and have that counter specified in the vi, it will be able to give you on demand readings of frequency (you can do some multiplication to get the rpm value, freq*60/pulses per revolution of encoder). A simple way to take continuous readings is to put a while loop around the daqmx read and the data output of the read. You can also replace the numeric indicator to a waveform chart to graphically display the change of frequency or rpm readings over time.
You should be able to integrate this as two separate tasks with the pulse train vi you created earlier.
Hope this helps
Luke W

Need to use quadrature encoder to trigger (RTSI) single point DAQ on 2 channels of E-Series DAQ, using 6602 NI-TIO for counting encoder pulses.

This is for LV6i, W2000, all PCI equipment.
Using a quadrature-measure position-VI, I get 7200 edges/rev from the encoder of my physical system. This equates to 0.05 degrees of angular displacement. This amounts to an angle stamp as opposed to a time stamp.
I need each of these 7200 edges (source: 6602 NI-TIO) to trigger (using RTSI) the acquisition of a single sample from each of 2 channels on an E-Series DAQ board (maybe more channels later). I only need/want one rev (7200 samples per channel) of data for each run of the test. As I write this I think I want pre-triggering and a little more than a rev of data. So the
re is a buffering step. Anyway, you can get the idea.
I need this angle stamp and the DAQ samples to be placed in an array and on the hard drive for graphing and other mathematical treatment, analysis, etc.
I think there must be a way to use the quadrature output of the counter/timer as a scan clock for the DAQ board, but I haven't seen an example to guide me.
It seems like all of the RTSI or other triggering examples I have seen trigger once to start a continuous scan, not a series of discrete samples repeated quickly. I am not sure how to fill an array with this data. Again, examples are for continuous sampling, not a series of discrete readings.
Any hints on any part of this task will greatly appreciated. This is my first LV project.

Sounds like a fairly ambitious first project!
I assume your 7200 edges/rev come from an encoder with 2 channels in quadrature which each provide 1800 cycles/rev. You can clock in analog data at 1800 scans/rev with either of the two encoder channels, but will probably need an external quadrature decoder circuit to produce 7200 scans/rev. Either method can be done with screwdriver and wire or else by using another counter from the 6602 and the RTSI bus. Here are two approaches in detail, but you could mix-and-match as needed.
Note also that if you can be sure that your reference encoder will be uni-directional, you wouldn't need to measure position -- position could be determined by the array index of the analog scan data. This would simplify things greatly.
1800 scans/rev, screwdriver & wire
Wire both encoder channels to your 6602 breakout box and configure your counter for the 4x quadrature option. Send a wire from one of the encoder channel connections at your 6602 breakout box to a PFI pin at your E-series board breakout box. Config the analog acquisition to use an external scan clock and specify the correct PFI pin -- there are built-in examples that will guide you. Now one edge of one encoder channel acts as a scan clock for your analog acquisition. Inside the 6602 breakout box, route the same signal to one of the default gate pins and configure your encoder counter gate to use that pin as its gate signal. Note that there will be a race condition governing whether the encoder value updates from the encoder inputs before or after the value is latched by the gate.
7200 scans/rev, extra counter & RTSI
Make sure you have a RTSI connector between your two acquisition boards inside your PC. Build a quadrature decoder circuit that will convert your two encoder channels into a clock and direction output. (Consider the LSI 7084 decoder chip or similar). Setup your "encoder" counter for buffered position measurement. Use "Counter Set Attribute" to define "up down" as "digital" (don't use it to define "encoder type"). The clock output goes to the counter SOURCE and the direction output goes to the counter UP_DOWN pin.
Use "Adjacent Counters.vi" to identify the counter considered adjacent to your encoder counter. Configure it for "retriggerable pulse generation". Use "Counter Gate (NI-TIO).vi" to specify "other counter source" as the gating signal. Configure the output pulse specs to be short duration (make sure total of delay + pulse width is less than the minimum period of the incoming encoder clock signals). Use "Route Signal.vi" to send this counter's output onto the RTSI bus, say RTSI 0.
Now configure the analog acq. to use RTSI 0 as its external scan clock. Also configure the encoder counter to use RTSI 0 as its gate signal. Voila! Now your quadrature decoder clock output acts as a scan clock for analog acquisition and a "gate" to buffer your encoder measurement. The short delay helps ensure that the clock updates the position measurement before the gate fires to latch the value.
Respond if you need clearer explanation. There's a fair amount of decent info "out there" if you scour the online help and this website. Good luck!

Error use quadrature encoder to count optical mouse position

Hello, PRO
Can U explain me how count pulses from optical mouse? I have 2
quadrature signals (as said in document about Quadrature measure in Edevices
I connected XA to PFI8/GPCTR0_source, XB - DIO6...and digital ground to the
DGND).
I used sample "STCcountWithHWDirControl.C" to count pulses. This sample
was developed for device with DAQ-STC counting/timer... :-)
But result of counting = 0. Where is mistake?
One detail (maybe it help): I connected XA to analog input and read values. This pulse had 0.1volt amplitude , but when I measure voltage between XA and DGND by a oscilloscope. It was 5V.
Sincerely
Spivot
P.S.
NI Software : Measurement Studio for Visual C++ version VC++ with NI-DA
Q 6.9.1
NI Hardware : Multifunction DAQ device DAQPAD-6020E

Hello;
The first thing you should test is if the pulses can be counted at all by the general purpose counters of your device. The way to go about that is to connect the pulse to the source of one of the counters and run the simpleeventcount.c example.
If even that example doesn't work, you will need to condition the pulses before going to the counter.
Hope this helps.
Filipe A.
Applications Engineer
National Instruments

Quadrature encoder

Hi,
I'm trying to make an position measurment with a quadrature encoder.
My hardware is a6031E card, and I 'm using DAQmx 7.4.0.
I read the AN84. So I connected Channel A to Ctrl0_src (PFI8) and
Channel B to ctrl0_up-down (Port0.6). I used the
"quad_encoder_with_E-series_(STC)-daqmx.vi".
It first didn't work : il was counting up and not down or the opposite whether I was couting rising or falling edge.
Then it worked (I cannot see what I changed, I think I did not change anything but it's impossible).
And now, it doesn't work anymore. Even when I create a global channel
and test it in MAX, it counts up good, but when irotate the shaft the
other sense, it stays at his level and doesn't count down.
Can somebody telle me where I made a mistake and what I forgot.
Thanks.

Merci de me répondre.
J'avais bien configuré mon compteur en "controllé de manière externe" mais ça ne marchait pas.
J'ai trouvé la réponse ce matin : mon codeur disposait de sorties
totem-pole, et je l'alimentait en 12Vdc. J'ai vérifié la doc ce matin,
et le fabricant garantit un niveau bas maximum de ... 2 Volts. En fait,
des fois, il descendait en dessous du niveau d'acceptation bas TTL et
souvent non ! Du coup, avec 2 volts sur mon entrée count up-down, je me
trouvais souvent dans une sorte d'idle state, puisque mon signal sur
cette broche était plus haut que le niveau d'acceptation bas TTL et
plus bas que le niveau d'acceptation haut TTL.
J'ai changé de compteur pour un avec des sorties TTL directes, et tout marche parfaitemement bien.
Merci encore de vous être intéressée à mon problème,
Bonne fin de journée,
Olivier Quillard

Using a Counter(PC-TIO-10) to Perform Quadrature Encoder Buffered Position Measurement in Visual C++

I have Driver Ni-Daq 6.9 and Using a Counter to Perform Quadrature Encoder Buffered Position Measurement in Visual C++ 6.0
(I think Ni-Daq not support PC-TIO-10 because card not support pulg&play, you can hint me driver for support this card. ) and i want example program for read counter. i use Visual C++ for run,i don't use Measurement Studio.

NI-DAQ 6.9 supports the PC-TIO-10.
I attached an example that will show you how to do it in CVI (ANSI C).
Attachments:
Cviencod.zip ‏19 KB

How can analog signals are measured every several counters from Quadrature Encoder using USB-6221

how can I sample analog signals every counters from quadrature encoder using usb-6621?

There is a well documented example of what you are trying to do at :
http://zone.ni.com/devzone/explprog.nsf/webmain/DD85F07A7CA99F8F862568690062DE54?opendocument
Don't be afraid because of the BNC-2120. It is just used in this example to simulate the pulses from a device. So it is not needed in your case. Obviously, you will need to change the number of increments/rev according to your encoder to get correct RPM values.

Can I use the 'Export Signal Property Node' on a quadrature encoder?

Hi,
So I don't know which counter board I'd be using yet for this (it's used in conjunction with a PCI-6280--the PCI-6280's counter inputs are all taken and so I need another board), but assuming this is possible at all in DAQmx I wouldn't mind knowing whether, say, the PCI-6601 (or any other timer board for that matter) could do this. I'm programming this in LabVIEW 2010 by the way.
I want to have a counter which counts the number of pulses on one channel (I'll call this the 'clock' channel) between when another channel goes from low to high (which I'll call the trigger). It's basically a pulse width measurement, but I only care if there are more than n clock pulses between triggers. I need to have a hardware-timed digital signal which goes from low to high if there are ever more than n pulses between trigger changing state from low to high.
What I am planning to do is this:
Wire 'trigger' to the z-input of the quadrature encoder, and set the z-input value to some arbitrary large value such that, at the quadrature encoder counter task's settings, the counter reaches terminal count in n pulses.
Configure the quadrature encoder counter using DAQmx Export Signal Property Node (tutorial I was looking at is here: http://zone.ni.com/devzone/cda/tut/p/id/5387 ) to toggle a digital channel ('counter event output') from low to high if the counter reaches terminal count (ie, if the encoder reads n pulses).
If the encoder ever reads n pulses on 'clock' between two rising pulses on 'trigger', it sets counter event output high.
Is this possible? Reading through the manual of M series PCI-62xx devices, the index pulse loads the counter with a particular value so it seems like you could conceivably set the counter to the terminal count if you wanted. My only real problem is whether DAQmx Export Signal Property Node works on all counter tasks or just on edge counting tasks.
Thanks in advance for your help. If this isn't possible, I can reply with more details on the problem this is supposed to solve so that you can help me figure out an alternate method.
Solved!
Go to Solution.

There is probably a way to do it, but it it may be easier to use an X-series board for the job. They support a new counter capability for count reset on a digital edge without needing to be configured in encoder position mode. I am not sure exactly how that feature's been implemented however, so maybe it won't make things easier after all.
The plan based on the hoped-for behavior:
1. Configure an X-series counter for pulse generation based on "ticks" of your clock channel.
2. Set both initial delay and low time to the critical # of ticks.
3. Configure for count reset on a digital edge (if possible in pulse generation mode)
4. Configure the count reset value to be the critical # (or possibly 1 less, if possible in pulse generation mode)
5. If you want the output to remain high indefinitely, configure the counter task to use its own output as a
pause trigger, and pause while high.
The way pulse generation works is to preload a # of "low time" ticks into the count register. Then every source edge will decrement the count. When the count reaches terminal count (0), the counter's output is toggled (or can be configured to pulse). The register is then loaded with the # of "high time" ticks and the process continues.
You would be perpetually interrupting the count-down process as long as you got your triggers in time. The count would keep getting reset to the # of low counts, keep decrementing toward 0 without reaching it, and so on. If ever you did reach 0, the output state would toggle high, then the high state would prevent subsequent clock signals from decrementing the count.
You can conceivably do a similar thing with a 6601, but I'm pretty sure you'd need 2 counters working together to get it working.
-Kevin P

Troulbe in measurement quadrature encoder with 6601.

Hi,
We are trying to measure position with 6601. The frequency of quadrature encoder is from 100Hz to 8MHz. Now, we connet the A,B and Z channel directly to counter . Using the example in CVI, we change the filter to 100ns and use x4 mode. It works perfect at low frequency.
The problem is when the frequency of encoder is higher than 2MHz, the accuracy decreases greatly. I'd like to know about following:
1.Can 6601 do the previous task enough? Or I must change to use 6602.
2.If 6601 is available, is there any way to increase measurement accuracy ?(in software or wire connection )

Jimmy,
You would need to specify what type of accuracy you are looking for, which is pretty much dependant on the type of operation you are performing. You could be looking to timestamp your encoder positions or you could also be looking to perform position/angle tracking over time. You could also be performing single point vs. multiple point (buffered) operations. You could mention which one of the CVI examples you are using and that could give an idea of the type of operation you are performing.
The NI-6601 is able to perform quadrature encoder measurements and the only limitations you can have in regards of frequency are the filtering parameters (if you use filtering) and the actual maximum timebase of the board (20 MHz).
Please keep in mind that by ena
bling filtering at 100 ns you are only guaranteeing that pulses with widths of 100 ns or longer are not being filtered out. This limits your encoder phase frequency to around 5 MHz. (Each encoder period has a 50% duty cycle, therefore the pulse duration is half the encoder period). You can refer to the board�s manual for more information on filtering.
We would have to know the following in order to provide further help:
a) Type of operation being performed
b) Specific example you were using
c) Type of accuracy you were looking for
d) Range of accuracy you needed on your measurement
Regards
Alejandro Asenjo
Applications Engineer
National Instruments

Generate a pulse train using a count from a quadrature encoder as the clock

I am trying to generate a pulse train with the same frequency as my quadrature encoder. Every time the encoder counts, I want the pulse to go high until the next count and then go low and so on. I am using a 6602 PCI card and a BNC 2121 accessory.

Maybe I'm not understanding your app, but I *think* you and I are approaching it from two very different directions.
As I understand it, you'd like to emit a pulse with each quad state change. Then that pulse would act as a counter Source signal. The counter will then increment on each pulse, to keep track of accumulated position. Further, you'd use your device-under-test (DUT) as a counter Gate signal, which would buffer the position count each time there's a rising edge on your DUT. The end result is a buffer of position values, captured at each rising edge of your DUT.
I'm talking about a different approach to produce the same data. You'd use 2 tasks on a M-series board. One of them is a hardware-timed digital input task based on "change detection." Each time one of the specified bits has a transition, your whole set of digital input bits can be captured and an internal "change detect pulse" is generated on the board. This task should be sensitive to the DUT edges.
The other task would be a buffered position measurement. It would receive the reference encoder inputs and internally do quad decode and keep a running count. The sampling clock for this task would be specified as the other task's "change detect pulse."
Net result: on each specified edge of your DUT, you'll buffer a reference encoder position value and a digital state of your DUT. You can choose to be sensitive to rising edges, falling edges, or (!!!!) both at once. You can also choose to be sensitive to many bits simultaneously. These are better capabilities than you get with the 6602 alone.
I *think* the 6220 should be ok, based on a quick overview of specs. I assume your 3.6 MHz is the rate of ref encoder quad state changes, right? In the approach I'm suggesting, you only need concern yourself with the rate of DUT edges which appear to be in the 10's of kHz or less.
Gotta go for now. Post back if any further questions.
-Kevin P.

I want to measure rpm using 100 ppr incremental encoder via digital input

i want to measure rpm using 100 ppr incremental encoder via digital input max speed (4000 rpm)
am using 9178 c-DAQ chassis and 9426 digital input module
pl provide me example code for this

Hi asaccullo.
The recommended settings for encoders are using the counters in the daq cards. Using digital I/O’s is not recommended, the encoders send digital signals but one of the main differences between using digital IO vs counters is that counters are designed to handle these type of events.
Here I found several examples in ni.com/code that you might check:
Imitation Quadrature Encoder with DAQmx Counter Tasks
Use Counter Frequency to obtain an Encoder Rotational Speed
An Elvis is a daq device, so this should work for you.
I also found an example for myDAQ, it uses the DIO but with a counter task in the set up.
Regards,
steve.bm
AE | NI

Quadrature Encoder measurements with PXI-6143 S-Series DAQ

Has anyone used a S-series PXI-6143 DAQ to take encoder position measurements? I believe there are 2 counters available, if you have any examples of how to access and read from these counters it would be greatly appreciated.

Hi Bentup,
Measuring a quadrature encoder on your device is actually going to be a bit different than on an M series device. The STC-2 chip, which is used in the M series, allows for A and B inputs specifically for encoder signals (used in the Angular Encoder task). The original STC-1 chip which is used in E series and most S series boards (including your 6143) does not have these same inputs. Instead, you may must a Count Digital Events task (taking advantage of the up/down line of the counter). The Angular Encoder task is not supported on STC-1 devices.
The article that lab_boy linked earlier actually mentions how to use an encoder with an E series device once you scroll down a bit (here's the link again). This same procedure should apply to your S series--connect the A output of your encoder to the source of the Counter (this is the signal that you are counting). Connect B to the up/down line of the counter (P0.6 and P0.7 for counter 0 and 1 respectively).
The downside with this method is that it is more susceptible to vibrations or noise on the encoder lines. If this is a problem for you, you can look into an external encoder conditioner like the one mentioned in the article. I hope this helps!
Best Regards,
John
John Passiak

How do I use a quadrature encoder as an external clock (PCI 6229)

Hello, ( a similar post has been placed on DAQ forum apologies as I did not know best place)
I have a PCI 6229 M Series data acquisition card. I want to use a quadrature encoder to be the external clock driving the acquisition of a number of signals. I have set up reading 24 signals each time a clock pulse is received using the DAQ assistant and set my external clock to pin pfi8 (I think) this is then connected to an encoder output. This works well enough until the encoder is run too fast when it appears I am either missing pulses or getting bounce.
How can I set up to clock using a quadrature encoder? I have seen a number of questions on this forum regarding quadrature encoders and reverse counting but not on using them as an external clock.
Basically I want to have the stability and "bounceless" nature of using two outputs from a quadrature encoder whilst still using an external clock. Is this just a case of configuring controls to certain pfi's? If so how is it done?
Any help or pointers would be helpful. So far I have managed very nicely by simply using the DAQ assistant and the interface it has would suggest that if configured for a certain pfi pin I could actually still use it.
Thanks in advance.
Kevin

Hi,
Well I've had alook into this for you and I'm not quite sure I understand what you are looking for.
Is it possible for you to phone back in to support?
The reason you are seeing bounce at high speeds, or indeed loss of points, is due to the sampling rate that you have set up.
What you will find is that the trigger will start an aquisition of a number of points at a certain rate. If your sampling rate is too low then you will not finish that sample batch before the next set of samples is recorded.
It is possible to use an external clock into a trigger or digital line, however this will limit the number of samples you can take to the speed of your encoder.
If you increase your sampling rates, and then configure a start trigger from a single input from the encoder you will be able to record a number of samples after a rising/falling edge. (Set the clock as an internal clock)
Hope this helps
AdamB
Applications Engineering Team Leader | National Instruments | UK & Ireland

Using more than 4 quadrature encoder input for MyRIO

Hello,
I am doing a project where I need to drive 6 motors, each with quadrature encoder feedback to control position.
Currently, I've been using the MyRIO Encoder VI's, but there's a limit to 4 encoders. What is the best way of reading 6 encoders simultaneously with the MyRIO?
Thanks,
Timothy
Solved!
Go to Solution.

If you need to modify the myRIO FPGA personality you have a few options.
The best option is to start with the myRIO FPGA sample project, add and remove components as needed and then build your bitfile. Any registers (LV FPGA controls / indicators) you don't modify will still work with the Advanced IO VIs and Express VIs. In order to use the new bitfile (FPGA Personality) you'll need to update the Open FPGA VI Reference in myRIO v1.1 Open.vi (LabVIEW 2013\vi.lib\myRIO\Common\Instrument Driver Framework\myRIO v1.0\myRIO v1.1 Open.vi).
After doing this any time you use a myRIO Express VI or Advanced IO VI it will use your custom bitfile. Any peripheral channels you've left in place will continue to work. Any channels you've removed will still show up in the VIs, but will not work (they will probably throw errors at runtime) and any new channels you added will not show up in the VIs. For new channels you'll need to use the FPGA Read / Write nodes to read and write the configuration and data register you created in the FPGA personality. These changes will persist on that computer until you change the Open FPGA VI Reference back to the original bitfile.
Let us know if you have questions about any of this.
Thanks!
-Sam K
LabVIEW Hacker
Join / Follow the LabVIEW Hacker Group on google+

FPGA programming for motor control using free downloadable IP cores for PWM and Quadrature encoder interfacing

Hi,
I have a cRIO-9014 with a NI9505 DC brushed servo drive module, and I would like to program the FPGA for PWM and Quadrature encoder interfacing using the intellectual property IP functions mentioned in the "CompactRIO Motor Control Basics Tutorial":
Quadrature Encoder dX Method (FPGA, Use in SCTL).vi
Pulse Width Modulation (FPGA, Use in SCTL).vi
I made a search at ni.com/ipnet but I couldn't find them.
Where can I find free downloadable IP cores for PWM and encoder blocks to include them in my FPGA interface program?
Thanking you in advance,
Manuel
Solved!
Go to Solution.

Found by myself (google search!) at:
https://lumen.ni.com/nicif/us/codepowelecguide/content.xhtml

Measuring distance using quadrature encoder

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