Partition of table in real life

Hi all
i have read about partition of table.
but i have lot of question in this topic.
1.which one is better
range partiting
hash "
list "
composite "
2.how we can use partition in select statment
when we don't know about the partition values.
suppose partition acc to month in table
and user enter his rollno to see its details then
how we can give details to user acc to his rollno
plz give e.g in which partiting is use
3.partition is userful in oltp system or both (oltp+dss)
4.partition gives benefit for report creation or not.
thanks all
kuljeet pal singh

1) If one partitioning method were better, Oracle wouldn't have all three options. Each type of partitioning is appropriate in some instances and inappropriate in others.
2) I'm really not sure what you're asking here. Can you rephrase the question? Also, can you explain the abbreviations "acc" and "rollno"?
3) Partitioning can be useful in all types of systems. Different types of systems, though, tend to be interested in different partitioning benefits. Data warehouses tend to look at partitioning as much for the managability benefits (decreasing backup times, simplifying maintenance tasks, etc) as for the performance benefits. OLTP systems are less interested in the managability benefits.
4) Partitioning may or may not speed up report creation. It depends upon the partitioning method, the data distribution, the access patterns of the report, and a number of other variables.
Justin
Distributed Database Consulting, Inc.
www.ddbcinc.com/askDDBC

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Can you give some real-life use of tables in BW?

Hi,
In reading links and notes from here, I took a leap to try and understand how tables are used in the BW environment, by following:
se16
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then I Double click on:
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Should I partition a table or not???

I have a table with well over 8 million records and growing around 15,000 records daily. It is queried through a form (forms6i), no updates are done on the form just "select". The indexes are set up for the 2 types of querries mostly performed- by a date criteria and an id criteria. Is indexing good enough? I notice that it is getting harder to get results from date specific querries. What is the best approaches to ensure the table is optimized for querries? I am not used to working with such a large table size. Does partitioning help indexes work more efficient? Should I run statistics on the whole table?? I am not comfortable running statistics on the table when I am not around to monitor the performance on the server. The database runs 24 hours, 7 days a week- there is no real "downtime" to run stats.
Please advise, I would like to find a best practice approach.

Re: Should I partition a table or not???
Posted: Jun 19, 2007 11:59 AM in response to: user542952 Reply
(small correction in my earlier posting)
mostly performed- by a date criteria and an id criteriaPartitioning NOT always imporves performance. It can degrade performance if you had NOT partitoned based on queries those hit.
Beaware of local indexes. You might degrade performance because you may need to proble mulitple index partitions.
Do you query date and Ids by range search or exact search ?.
How much data (roughly 10% ,20% , 1% etc..) you fetch through the query

Like to see few real life usage of Binary Tree C#

whenever we read something about BTree then this kind of program shown in article with code.
code as follows.
Main File
static void Main(string[] args)
//Creating the Nodes for the Tree
Node<int> tree = new Node<int>('6');
tree.Left = new Node<int>('2');
tree.Right = new Node<int>('5');
Console.WriteLine("Binary Tree Display");
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Console.ReadLine();
Node Class
class Node<T> where T : IComparable
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data = item;
Left = null;
Right = null;
public T Data
set { data = value; }
get { return data; }
in our daily program where we can use btree to store and retrieve data? so please all share your idea how you guys use btree in your program in real life application development. thanks

"in our daily program where we can use btree to store and retrieve data?"
Given that your example mentions IComparable I suppose you're talking specifically about binary search trees, not any binary tree. In that case it's unlikely that you'll see anyone using a binary tree directly. People use collections such as SortedDictionary and
such collections are usually implemented using binary search trees.
Note that btree isn't a good abbreviation for binary tree, there is such a data structure called B-Tree and it's not the same thing as binary tree. Incidentally B-Trees are also used for searching - databases use them for indexes and filesystems
use them to store directory entries.
@Joel Engineer: "Binary trees structures are built into the Net Library Hash Class"
Binary trees and hash tables have nothing in common.

Why not partition every table

Hi ,
In our project we propse to partition all the tables(Even though they are small which are in MBs) in order to use exchange partiion feature.
But Our DBAs are saying that Maintainance will be a problem if we create partitions for each and every table.We said ,single tablespace is fine for all the partitions as We thought maintaining different tablespaces is a problem.
But Still DBAs are not approving it.
I just want to know what are the disadvantages of partitioning.Why DBAs in general are against the idea of creating partitions.If we use same tablespace for all partitions is there any down side for creating partitions for every table ?
Is there are disadvantage ?
Thanks
Pramod Garre

Pramod Garre wrote:
We are planning to use range partitioning (on quarters).
There is requirement to delete one quarter data from the table and then refresh with new data as and when user update some recored from frontend.this should happen in real time.Sounds like you are having the app trigger partition management ... which doesn't strike me as a good idea.
It also sounds like you really only have justification for partitioning on a few tables. Far from the "every" table you asked about. And even at that it sounds like your concept of the usage of those partitions may be flawed.
Why not work with your DBAs instead of looking to strangers for justification to fight them. Sounds to me like they are doing exactly what they were hired to do.
We thought instead of delete and insert , if we use excahnge partitions , this will be real quick as exchange partition just update the dictionary.
On these lines,do you think will there be any disadvantages of using partitioning ?
Note : Delete and Insert is working OK (2 Mins ) as compared to exchange partition ( 20 ms ).
And Yes,Every table has PK.
Thanks
Pramod Garre

How are Game Center "Friend Recommendations" people I know in real life? (Meetup/Facebook data?)

This seems like a major privacy concern, but mainly I'm just very curious how this can possibly happen:
The Game Center app suggests primarily people I have met in real life... but have had NO online interaction with!
I life in a high-population US city, yet at least 2/3 of my Friend Recommendations (maybe more if they had photos or knew these peoples' last names) are people I have actually MET in person and know vaguely... but who I do now know well and who are NOT friends/contacts in any online service.
I have never emailed them (with two exceptions); we don't even know each others' email addresses, and even if we did, my Apple ID email is not one I use for actual emailing purposes. Nor do we know each others' phone numbers, nor gaming nicknames; often not even last names. I didn't even know that they owned iOS devices or played games at all!
We have certainly never played games with one another before; in fact, I have never used Game Center's friend feature and I don't have any GC friends. I only play random matches, and almost always on non-GC game services, for that matter.
None of them has ever made a friend request to me. I've only ever gotten one GC request, long ago, and I denied it; it was not someone I knew.
Some of them list "zero games in common" so it's not even that (and anyway, millions of people have games in common with me).
Only one of them is in my Contacts (iOS/Mac address book), and knowing how serious they are about privacy, I doubt the email address I have is their AppleID. I know your address book can (for now) be accessed without permission, but these people just aren't listed.
But I DO run into these recommendations in person every so often!
These cannot be randomly selected by geography because a) they're not super close to me in miles, and b) there are millions of iOS users near me. No way that most of the suggestions would be people I've met, if this were chance alone. SOME source of data is being used by GC, and I'm baffled as to what it could be.
The closest three theories I can come up with are all pretty implausible:
1. Indirect Facebook connection. These people are NOT my Facebook friends (with a couple exceptions; I never actually use Facebook but I do have an account, and if someone requests, I generally accept). I double-checked that. But they MAY be "friends of friends" possibly. But how would Apple obtain my FB friend list? And if they did have it, wouldn't they just suggest my actual FB friends, not friends-of-friends? My Facebook login email address is an alumni address that I have never used for any other purpuse; it is not my Apple ID. And I have diligently set nearly every option to "hidden" on Facebook: even friends see a mostly blank profile!
2. Meetup.com. This is a 100% correlation! I'm in several local groups that use Meetup.com to schedule meetings, and ALL of these Game Center recommendations are memebers of Meetup groups that I too am a member of. That's how I've met most of them. But Meetup has no "friends" feature, and most of these people have had no online connection with me (Meetup messages etc.) through Meetup. We've just attended the same events--which do have online RSVP lists--or else we are merely listed as members of the same group(s). (But we're talking large groups, so I haven't actually met most of the members, and I have met most of these GC recommendations.) But how would Apple obtain my Meetup info? Again my Meetup account's email address is not my Apple ID, and I have never used that email address with any Apple service (although it is on my Contacts card).
3. Maybe Apple harvested my address book/contacts list (which does NOT contain these people), and also harvested the contacts lists of these people, AND also harvested the contacts lists of people we know in common who happen to have both of us listed. Then they put it all together. (That's a stretch: the people I know the best on Meetup--whose info I do have in Contacts--are Android users!) But again, why not recommend my actual contacts, instead of contacts-of-contacts? My actual contacts--which contain numerous iOS users and games--are notably absent from the recommendations (with one exception).
Obivously Apple cannot, and does not, literally know who I have met. (No foil hat for me!) But they DO seem to have some data source that correlates closely with people I have met (and Meetup activity especially). I'm dying to know how that's possible.
This is a privacy concern, for at least three reasons I can think of:
1. GC lists these people's real names AND GC nicknames together--BEFORE I have accepted them as friends! And vice versa, I'm sure my nickname is being shown with my real name to total strangers. That means strangers, employers, stalkers, whoever, can now tie a person to their nickname (often the same one they use all over the Interner, not just GC). But we're not talking random suggestions: this is being show to people I DO know. Maybe I don't want them Googling my online nicknames! Maybe I complain about my work with that nickname Maybe I want my online friends and real-life acquaintainces kept separate. I definitely want EVERYTHING kept separate from these people I barely know but run into from time to time! One of these people is, in fact, on the sex offenders registry, and has stalked a friend of mine both online and offline. Maybe he'll learn my GC nickname--the same way it has shown me his--and can now Google that!
2. If I have a lot of "games in common" listed, then they can peg me as a "gamer," which is sometimes a negative. Maybe I want my boss (or whoever) to think I'm more serious, even if he games too, and now he knows I have 30 games and wonders why I'm not staying late to work Maybe I just don't want to be roped into being "friends" online with my boss, or having to let him win games! Again, although this is a small issue at first glance, it's less small when things are being shared with people you really DO know in real life. What if my hypothetical stalker sees I have games in common? Sure, I can deny their friend request and cancel their 500 game attempts, but I'd rather be 100% hidden from them in the first place. I have no prior online contact, I want it to stay that way, and I've never given Apple permission, that I know of, to share my real name with people I never friended. (And even if I did, it should be with random strangers--not actual acquaintances.)
3. The big mystery--how is Apple getting data that correlates with who I've met in the first place? I'm guessing that some people see the same pattern I do, and some don't; which might lead to an answer, but so far I'm stumped. (If this does tie to Meetup some bizarre way, that would be unnerving because Meetup ties me to real places and specific times.)
Theories are welcome! And a basic question: what data sources DOES Game Center have available to use in making friend suggestions? I would have guessed maybe Location Services (nearby people) and people who have played a game with me (or made a friend request) in the past. But those sources are not what I'm seeing.
(Even weirder is that nobody else seems to have posted about this happening; it may not happen to everyone, but surely some people have had this same question? I feel like I'm in a Kafka novel...)

That's a good thought that could explain some cases, but not mine: these people definitely don't know my email address, and I'm not in their Address Book. (Some of these are people I might meet on a hike, say, and nod to in passing on other hikes once a or twice a year, and that's the extent of the "relationship"--no contact info ever exchanged. We don't even know what cities each other are from.)
we don't even know each others' email addresses, and even if we did, my Apple ID email is not one I use for actual emailing purposes. Nor do we know each others' phone numbers, nor gaming nicknames; often not even last names.
I should correct my first post: I said I "do now know well"... that should be "do NOT know well".

Problem while partitioning The Table

create table Employee ( empno number(3), name varchar2(10), deptno number(4))
partition by range(deptno)
(partition p1 values less than(11),
partition p2 values less than(21),
partition p3 values less than(31));
create table Employee (
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-00439: feature not enabled: Partitioning
Please help me for solving this problem and send me the details I need to partition my table.
Thanks in advance.
w.regards
R.Satish

Looks like you don't have partition license or don't have a complete install of Oracle version 8.0.5. The best way to check is do a sqlplus user/passwd and look for a message that said "Production with the Partitioning and objects options" to appear before the SQL> prompt. Hope this helps....
<BLOCKQUOTE><font size="1" face="Verdana, Arial">quote:</font><HR>Originally posted by rkumar:
create table Employee ( empno number(3), name varchar2(10), deptno number(4))
partition by range(deptno)
(partition p1 values less than(11),
partition p2 values less than(21),
partition p3 values less than(31));
create table Employee (
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-00439: feature not enabled: Partitioning
Please help me for solving this problem and send me the details I need to partition my table.
Thanks in advance.
w.regards
R.Satish <HR></BLOCKQUOTE>
null

HP in Real Life - Tell us your story.

Hi everyone,
In support of the HP in Real Life program, I thought we would support it by not only talking about it, but also starting some stories here about how we use our HP products to make our life, and the lives of those around us, better.
Tell us how HP products help you tackle everyday tasks like keeping family connected across the country or around the globe, balancing work and play, or just planning life and events.
You can either share your experience here, or go over to the Real Life website to share your story in videos, pictures or words to show others what HP helps you accomplish. If your story is selected, you'll be featured on the HP in Real Life website!
What started as a thoughtful gift from a friend has quickly turned into the thriving hub of business for Rebecca, the owner and founder of Danette Kenneth Photography. Learn how she uses her Compaq Presario CQ50 Notebook PC to help run and promote her business.
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Hello,
There are many posts on this site concerning issues such as this from your region. Many who have posted have reported that, when they escalated through their proper support channels, they have been told that the problem is network congestion. But, "blame" shifts back and forth between RIM and the local mobile service providers. Consequently, I recommend that all who are experiencing this problem contact their mobile service providers and open a formal support ticket on this issue. The more of those that get placed, the more likely they will actually do something about it.
Good luck!
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Limit on the number of partitions a table can have

Hi,
It's been quite some time I'm thinking of a simple and the best solution to a performance issue in my application. Benefiting out of partitioning the table seems a simplest approach; it involves very minimal changes to my application code and in addition, it keeps the overall application logic 100% intact. However, at times, the number of partitions required can grow to as large as 500 thousand. I know of another application implementing as many as 50 thousand partitions for one of its tables. I'm wondering if Oracle recommends or poses any limit to a number of partitions the table can have. How does that limit, if it exists, vary if each of my table partition holds only a small amount of data; say, not more than 2 thousand records each of 1 KB size. What are the important considerations that one needs to keep in mind while creating the huge number of partitions for a table?
Any inputs on this would be a great help.
Thanks,
Aniruddh
ps: Consider Oracle releases 10g onwards.
Edited by: Aniruddh on Dec 30, 2009 9:46 AM
Edited by: Aniruddh on Dec 30, 2009 9:50 AM

Aniruddh,
>
What are the important considerations that one needs to keep in mind while creating the huge number of partitions for a table?
>
I doubt if you are using partitioning for the right causes. Please explain how is your data structured and why you need to create so many partitions..?
when creating partition, you need to consider..
a) why you need to partition?
b) how is your data structured
c) how your data is indexed.
d) What kind of queries would you firing on this table to get the data. Will they use the partition key ?
Thanks,
Rajesh.
Please mark this/any other answer as helpful or answered if it is so. If not, provide additional details/feedback.
Always try to provide create table and insert statements to help the forum members help you better.

PL/SQL- Problem in creating a partitioned fact table using select as syntax

Hi All,
I am trying to create a clone(mdccma.fact_pax_bkng_t) of existing fact table (mdccma.fact_pax_bkng) using dynamic pl/sql. However, pl/sql anonymous block errors out with following error:
SQL> Connected.
SQL> SQL> DECLARE
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-00911: invalid character
ORA-06512: at "SYS.DBMS_SYS_SQL", line 1608
ORA-06512: at "SYS.DBMS_SQL", line 33
ORA-06512: at line 50
Here is pl/sql block:
-- CREATING FPB_T
DECLARE
v_owner VARCHAR2(32) := 'MDCCMA';
v_table_original VARCHAR2(32) := 'FACT_PAX_BKNG';
v_table VARCHAR2(32) := 'FACT_PAX_BKNG_T';
v_tblspc VARCHAR2(32) := v_owner||'_DATA';
CURSOR c_parts IS SELECT TABLESPACE_NAME, PARTITION_NAME,HIGH_VALUE, ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY PARTITION_NAME) AS ROWNUMBER
FROM USER_TAB_PARTITIONS
WHERE TABLE_NAME = v_table_original
ORDER BY PARTITION_NAME;
v_cmd CLOB := EMPTY_CLOB();
v_cmd3 varchar2(300) := 'CREATE TABLE ' ||v_owner||'.'||v_table||' TABLESPACE '||v_tblspc
||' NOLOGGING PARTITION BY RANGE'||'(' ||'SNAPSHOT_DTM '||')' ||'(';
v_part VARCHAR2(32);
v_tblspc_name VARCHAR2(32);
v_row number;
v_value LONG;
v_tmp varchar2(20000);
v_cur INTEGER;
v_ret NUMBER;
v_sql DBMS_SQL.VARCHAR2S;
v_upperbound NUMBER;
BEGIN
v_cmd := v_cmd3;
OPEN c_parts;
FETCH c_parts INTO v_tblspc_name, v_part,v_value, v_row;
WHILE c_parts%FOUND
LOOP
IF (v_row = 1) THEN
v_tmp := ' PARTITION '||v_part||' VALUES LESS THAN ' ||'('|| v_value||')'||' NOLOGGING TABLESPACE '||v_tblspc_name;
ELSE
v_tmp := ', PARTITION '||v_part||' VALUES LESS THAN ' ||'('|| v_value||')'||' NOLOGGING TABLESPACE '||v_tblspc_name;
END IF;
v_cmd := v_cmd || v_tmp;
-- DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(v_cmd);
FETCH c_parts INTO v_tblspc_name, v_part,v_value, v_row;
END LOOP;
-- DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Length:'||DBMS_LOB.GETLENGTH(v_cmd));
v_cmd := v_cmd||')'||' AS SELECT ' || '*'||' FROM ' || v_owner||'.'|| v_table_original ||' WHERE '||'1'||'='||'2'||';';
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FOR i IN 1..v_upperbound
LOOP
v_sql(i) := DBMS_LOB.SUBSTR(v_cmd
,256 -- amount
,((i-1)*256)+1 -- offset
END LOOP;
v_cur := DBMS_SQL.OPEN_CURSOR;
DBMS_SQL.PARSE(v_cur, v_sql, 1, v_upperbound, FALSE, DBMS_SQL.NATIVE);
v_ret := DBMS_SQL.EXECUTE(v_cur);
CLOSE c_parts;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(v_cmd);
-- EXECUTE IMMEDIATE v_cmd ;
END;
The above pl/sql creates a DDL for partitioned fact table(new) based on an existing fact table and get executes through CLOB.
Please look into the issue and let me know any changes or modifications/suggestions that are required to fix the issue. Any help is appreciated.
Thank You,
Sudheer

Think this is your problem:
v_cmd := v_cmd||')'||' AS SELECT ' || '*'||' FROM ' || v_owner||'.'|| v_table_original ||' WHERE '||'1'||'='||'2'||';';Remove the SQL terminator ';' ... dynamic SQL doesn't require it, try this instead:
v_cmd := v_cmd||')'||' AS SELECT ' || '*'||' FROM ' || v_owner||'.'|| v_table_original ||' WHERE '||'1'||'='||'2';Thanks
Paul

Partitioning of table in oracle 10g - How to Add

Hello Friends ,
Hope you are all fine and doing great.
By the way - I have a quick question on oracle 10g Partitioning of tables...
I have a table with partition as stated below ..
CREATE TABLE X_ACC_ASSETS_GPC_AGG
X_ACC_ASSETS_GPC_AGG_RK NUMBER(10) NOT NULL,
X_AS_OF_DT DATE NOT NULL,
ACCOUNT_RK NUMBER(10) NOT NULL,
X_UNIV_ACCOUNT_ID NUMBER(10),
ACCOUNT_ID VARCHAR2(10 BYTE),
X_ASSET_TYPE_CD VARCHAR2(6 BYTE),
X_AUC_AMT NUMBER(18,5),
X_FIRM_AMT NUMBER(18,5),
X_ADJ_SRCE_AMT NUMBER(18,5),
PROCESSED_DTTM DATE
)PARTITION BY RANGE (X_AS_OF_DT)
PARTITION P200712 VALUES LESS THAN (TO_DATE(' 2008-01-01 00:00:00', 'SYYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS', 'NLS_CALENDAR=GREGORIAN'))
NOLOGGING
NOCOMPRESS
TABLESPACE KAW_DATA
PCTFREE 10
INITRANS 1
MAXTRANS 255
STORAGE (
INITIAL 64K
MINEXTENTS 1
MAXEXTENTS 2147483645
BUFFER_POOL DEFAULT
PARTITION P201112
NOLOGGING
NOCOMPRESS
TABLESPACE KAW_DATA
PCTFREE 10
INITRANS 2
MAXTRANS 255
STORAGE (
INITIAL 64K
MINEXTENTS 1
MAXEXTENTS 2147483645
BUFFER_POOL DEFAULT
PARTITION PMAX
NOLOGGING
NOCOMPRESS
TABLESPACE KAW_DATA
PCTFREE 10
INITRANS 2
MAXTRANS 255
STORAGE (
INITIAL 64K
MINEXTENTS 1
MAXEXTENTS 2147483645
BUFFER_POOL DEFAULT
)NOPARALLEL;
My question is :
1) How to add a partition say P201201 ..
Since I have already stated PARTITION PMAX can I still add partition?
2) Can I add partition even though the table has data ?
==========================
I tried to add partition ..say
ALTER TABLE X_ACC ADD PARTITION P201201 VALUES LESS THAN
(TO_DATE(' 2012-01-01 00:00:00', 'SYYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS', 'NLS_CALENDAR=GREGORIAN'))
NOLOGGING
NOCOMPRESS
TABLESPACE KAW_DATA
PCTFREE 10
INITRANS 1
MAXTRANS 255
STORAGE (
INITIAL 64K
MINEXTENTS 1
MAXEXTENTS 2147483645
BUFFER_POOL DEFAULT
but getting the error ..
"partition bound must collate higher than that of the last partition"
Thanks/kumar

You have partitions
200712
200812
200912
201012
201112
PMAX.
so your condition for partition p201112 is '201012-01-01' to '201112-01-01' i.e the values between these two dates will be in partition p201112. and then everything else will be in PMAX. So now you are splitting your pmax.
alter table X_acc split partition pmax at ( to_date('2012-01-01 00:00:00','YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS', 'NLS_CALENDAR=GREGORIAN') )
into (partition p201201, partition pmax); The condition you have to change. I just showed as an example. It could be the date range between two dates or it could be greater than a date value. It is upto how you want this new partition.
how to add partition between two partition
Edited by: pransuj on Mar 25, 2011 11:13 AM
Edited by: pransuj on Mar 25, 2011 11:14 AM

How to view actual size as in real life at 100%?

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Please read the real life SD - FICO scenario given below and if you think you have the solution, kindly state your suggestion. Would be much appreciated.
===================================================
Engineering Services Orders (Inter-company)
Process Steps (As-is)
1.Purchase Order is received in Co. A via EDI, from Co. B
2.Sales Order (services) is automatically generated in Co. A. It has item 10 as hours and item 20 as travel expenses in $ amount
Sales accounting creates settlement rule and internal order number and advises the engineers who will provide the services
3.Later on, engineers report actual hours for services rendered, by using CATS system This merely reports data in SAP system but does not make an FI posting
They use the order number advised to them in step 2 to create an internal order
4 Actual travel expenses are added by Payroll - as a direct posting to FI
5. Periodic CATS batch job is carried out by relevant IT person, to settle costs to an internal order (not to sales order). These costs are labor hours and travel expenses
6. FICO personnel then do transaction K08G to settle internal order --> sales order
7. (Manual Step) Sales Accounting then runs report KVBI to view and select data related to service orders The data is downloaded to an Excel worksheet and handed over to SD-Billing.
8. (Manual step) The cost data in dollar figures is converted to hours by SD-Billing, dividing cost data with rate / hour given in the sales order condition record
9. SD-Billing creates invoice. Since it is order-related invoice, it has open quantities coming in from the order. These are now manually over-written / replaced with the actual data from step 7 & 8. An invoice is thus, generated for each order individually.
Process (To-be)
To create an interim document (billing request?) to replace manual steps 7 and 8. This interim document needs to capture actual cost data form the system and also show the remaining / open quantities from the sales order
QUESTION: what is the best route to go?
Configure a Billing Request document (by modifying a standard Credit Memo Request / Debit Memo Request) or
Going via the route of resource-related billing?

Refer to the document: J48 - Project with Intercompany Billing
Link: http://help.sap.com/bp_blv1500/BL_India/index.htm
This is a very good document for guidance.
Regards,
Rajesh Banka

Digital signatures in real life

Hi,
I've been trying to grok the concept for a while, not without a modicum of success. Yet the big picture escapes me. I'm interested primarily in electronic document workflow as a substitute for classic paper document workflow. There must be software frameworks serving the concept, protocols of higher level than gpg, industry standards - something like that. Links and keywords are extremely welcome. It's hard to start googling effectively without a keyword or two.

Maybe how citizenship smartcards work and are used in real life is of interest? Belgium eletronic identity cards and Portuguese citizenship cards support that.
The involved standarts are something like pkcs11, pkcs10, etc. If you understand the way private and public assimetric keys work you will understand the process at high level. From there it's all details on how to actually sign something how to and where get and store the keys, etc.
For example, the portuguese card has 2 pairs of private / public keys. One of them for authenticity purposes and the other pair for signing. It also contains the certificates that form the chain of trust and allow to verify the keys are still valid.
Having a smartcard reader and obviously one of those cards you can just plug it in the laptop, create a document, like a pdf file or even a word file in the office and choose to sign it. Now for example if you sign a pdf file, the person that receives it can just open and it magically says if the signature is valid or not. It does this by magic also .
Ok, not everything is magic. When you sign the document in the process yoru certificate file that contains your public key is attached to it, then when the document is opened it will check the cryptographic signature of the file. Aditional verifications will be done for example in adobe reader, like checking the signature timestamp with an online service and also checking the certificates chain of trust.
But i'm kind sleppy and may be saying something stupid. Someone else can correct me and add more information
Last edited by Diaz (2013-12-19 07:28:06)

Sql server partition parent table and reference not partition child table

Hi,
I have two tables in SQL Server 2008 R2, Parent and Child Table.
Parent has date time, and it is partitioned monthly, there is a Child table which just refer the Parent table using Foreign key relation.
is there any problem the non-partitioned child table referring to a partitioned parent table?
Thanks,
Areef

The tables will need to be offline for the operation. "Offline" here, means that you wrap the entire operation in a transaction. Ideally, this transaction would:
1) Drop the foreign key.
2) Use ALTER TABLE SWITCH to drop the old data.
3) Use ALTER PARTITION FUNCTION to drop the old empty partition.
4) Use ALTER PARTITION FUNCTION to add a new empty partition.
5) Reapply the foreign keys WITH CHECK.
All but the last operation are metadata-only operation (provided that you do them right). To perform the last operation, SQL Server must scan the child tbale and verify that all keys are present in the parent table. This can take some time for larger tables.
During the transaction, SQL Server holds Sch-M locks on the table, which means that are entirely inaccessible, even for queries running with NOLOCK.
You avoid this the scan by applying the fkey constraint WITH NOCHECK, but this can have impact on query plans, as SQL Server will not consider the constraint as trusted.
An alternative which should not be entirely dismissed is to use partitioned
views instead. With partitioned views, the foreign keys are not an issue, because each partition is a pair of tables, with its own local fkey.
As for the second question: it appears to be completely pointless to partition the parent, but not the child table. Or does the child table only have rows for a smaller set of the rows in the parent?
Erland Sommarskog, SQL Server MVP, [email protected]

Partition of table in real life

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