The math behind blending modes

Anyone know of a handy dandy chart showing the actual math behind the blending modes? (Trying to find or build equivalents in Nuke)
Specifically I'm looking for Classic Color Dodge and Hard Light.

I guess when you mention classic this is what your referring to?
http://web.archive.org/web/20040205175046/http://www.adobe.com/support/techdocs/28c66.htm

Similar Messages

Whats the math behind converting from square pixels to non-square...?

Does anyone know the math behind resizing a video from square pixel to non-square?
Say if I have a 720x480 4:3 video and I render it out as square pixels. So then I need to resize it down to non-square so that it will no longer be stretched....I know I can just use premiere or quicktime to scale it properly for me but what is the math behind it? I'll admit im no mathematician, all i know is that square pixels = 1 and dv = .9, how you go from there is beyond me.
Reason I ask is because I have a 800x600 video in square pixels and just want to know how in the world it makes sense that you change it to 755x600 and the stretch is gone. How does do you get to that number?
Many thanks in advance!

I don't have CS4, and have only been scanning the CS4 forums; so there may be better links regarding this in this forum. CS4 changed the par to a more "correct" option. It is not .9 now but .91. (See Dan's little "about" before the .9.) And when you are dealing with 800x600, there may be other issues.
I like the AE/Meyers explanations of all this (so also see the regular help for Premiere):
http://help.adobe.com/en_US/AfterEffects/9.0/WS3878526689cb91655866c1103906c6dea-7f3aa.htm l
There are 2 pdf article links on that page.
Also see the free Meyers video on Lynda.com
http://www.lynda.com/home/Player.aspx?lpk4=40550
EDIT: I missed the more relevant thing in Dan's: see the 10/11 as the multiplier rather than .9? 10/11 is the "new" .909090 = .91.
Message was edited by: Stan Jones

Are there blending modes for the layers?

Like in Photoshop, is it possible to take on shape and blend (multiply, difference, soft light, etc.)the layers? I can't seem to locate it in Illustrator.
Thanks all!

Transparency panel.
Layers in Illustrator don't mean the same as Layers in Photoshop. Think of Illustrator's Layers as equal to Photoshop's Layer Groups (folders in the Layers panel), with each object on an Illustrator equivalent to a Layer in Photoshop. You can change the Transparency Blend Mode of any object on a layer independent of the layer itself. If you click on the circle to the right of a Layer's name you can target that layer and change the entire Transparency Blend Mode for the Layer.

How do I copy a layer but have the blending mode reset to normal?

I'm going to try and word this as best as I possibly can lol. I edited a layer with a blending mode and want to copy the layer but have the layer's blending mode go back to normal so that I can edit it again with a different blending mode.
Does anyone know how I could achieve this? Any help would be much appreciated!

Here's the best way: make an action!: Open up your actions panel and create a new action- assign it to a key (f2)>> Make sure your layer is on any blending mode.>>Create a copy of the layer>> change blending mode to normal>> hit stop on action.
Now you have your own action that will always copy whatever layer is selected and change the blending mode to normal!

Problem with Linear Dodge blending mode

I cannot get the Linear Dodge blending mode to work correctly on a separate layer. I made a new layer and set the blending mode to 'Linear Dodge,' but when I draw on it, it simply acts like it is set to 'Normal'. There is a distinct difference between when I draw on the separate layer and when I draw on the layer it is supposed to be affecting using a brush set to Linear Dodge mode.
Here is an image to illustrate my problem:
http://img112.imageshack.us/img112/4592/lineardodgeus7.png
The left streak is drawn on the 'highlights' layer, which is a blank layer set to Linear Dodge blending mode and clipped to 'color.' The right streak is drawn on the 'color' layer (which has the purple coloring on it) with a brush set to Linear Dodge mode.
What am I missing here? I'm trying to get the Linear Dodge to look the same whether or not it's drawn on a different layer.

To get your Linear Dodge layer to behave the same way as your brush set to Linear Dodge try this ... activate your "highlights' layer. Go to Edit/Fill. For contents choose black, for blending choose "behind"
Its only when dodge interacts with black that the burned haloing that you are looking for starts to happen.(this includes color dodge and Linear dodge) - I don't know why this is but it has something to to with the blend mode math.

Why is a layer blending mode result altered by adding and effect?

I've done a search online and haven't come up with an answer but does anyone
know why a layers blending mode result is altered by adding an effect?
I am using CS3 on a PC (Windows XP SP2) and have two layers; one a Tiff and
a second a text layer with an ambient light and a spot shining on them. Both
layers have 3D turned on and accept lights and are in the same position in
space.
To make the text, which is coloured black, sit better I changed the layers
blend mode to soft light which works well.
I wanted to soften the edge of the text a little so I added a Fast Blur
effect and suddenly the result of the blend was completely different. If I
turn off the effect it goes back to what it was before but even if the Fast
Blur is set to zero, ie no blur on the layer, the blend result is altered.
Does anyone know what's going on?

Many thanks for that. I tried the Box Blur but it too shifted the result of the blend. In the end, to get this job out of the door, I changed the colour of the text to orange, lowered the opacity and used Multiply as the layer blend mode. Adding the Fast Blur effect to this didn't shift the result of the blend mode. It's not as sexy a look as using Soft Light but it works. I wonder if it's something going on with the maths or this a real bug? <[email protected]> wrote in message news:[email protected].. > Presumably a bug that uses the blur's convolution kernel when it > shoulddn't. Please report at <a href=http://www.adobe.com/go/wish>. Still, > sometimes changing the blend behavior is inevitable. Even if the layers > visually look the same, the actual pixel values may change and thus create > a different result in the blend formulas. That should not be the case > here, though. Replace the Fast Blur with Box Blur set to 8 or 9 iterations > and the result should look the same, but without the blending problem, I > guess. > > Mylenium

BUG: Channel-based blend modes in FW CS5 & CS6

I've observed problems with some of the blend modes in Fireworks CS5 and CS6. Several are definitely broken—most likely a by-product of changes introduced in CS5, which attempted to match some of Photoshop's blend mode behaviors (for Hue, Saturation, Color and Luminosity).
http://www.adobe.com/devnet/logged_in/bbowman_fwcs5.html
The broken blend modes are the channel-based blend modes: Red, Green, and Blue. These have no counterpart in Photoshop, and yet no longer function properly.
To illustrate the problem, I've created a simple test graphic: three white squares, three black squares, three bitmaps, and three colored squares (red, green, and blue).
Now I'll add a black background to the canvas and apply a different channel-based blend mode—Red, Green, and Blue—to each object in its respective group. Here's the correct result, in Fireworks 8:
As you can see, each object appears to be the same color as its applied blend mode. A white rectangle with a Red blend mode becomes red, with a Green blend mode becomes green, and with a Blue blend mode becomes blue.
The way it works is this: The composite image adopts the selected channel of the object and combines it with the remaining channels of the canvas (or objects) below. For example, consider the white rectangle with a Red blend mode. The rectangle's Red channel (R:255) should be combined with the remaining channels of the canvas below (G:0,B:0) to create a composite with the appearance of red (R:255,G:0,B:0).
Now here's the same graphic as it appears in both Fireworks CS5 and CS6:
As you can see, there's no sense to this result. The Red blend mode produces Green, the Green blend mode produces Red, and the Blue blend mode produces invisibility. I simply cannot explain the outcome. These blend modes have been rendered useless and unintelligible in CS5 and CS6.
The reason for my concern here is that, just over a year ago, I wrote a series of command scripts based on these blend modes as they existed Fireworks 8. Without these blend modes, my scripts cannot function.
Assuming there are updates forthcoming for Fireworks CS6, I'm hoping there's a chance that this might still be fixed (if not for CS5, as well). Here's the bug report I've submitted regarding this issue:
Product name: Fireworks
Product Version: 11.1.0.205 (CS5.1)/12.0.0.236 (CS6)
Product Language: English
Your operating system: OS 10.6.8
******BUG******
Concise problem statement: Channel-based blend modes (Red, Green, and Blue) are broken in Fireworks CS6 and CS5.
Steps to reproduce bug:
1. Set canvas to black.
2. Draw 3 white rectangles of any size.
3. Set blend mode of 1st rectangle to Red, 2nd rectangle to Green, 3rd rectangle to Blue.
Results: 1st rectangle appears Green (instead of Red). 2nd rectangle appears Red (instead of Green). 3rd rectangle becomes invisible (instead of Blue).
Expected results: Each rectangle should appear to be the same color as its applied blend mode, as the composite adopts the selected channel of the object and combines it with the remaining channels of the canvas (or objects) below.
In the preceding example, the black canvas contains no channel information (R:0,G:0,B:0) while the white rectangles contain information in all 3 channels (R:255,G:255,B:255). When a Red blend mode is applied to a white rectangle, the object's Red channel (R:255) should be combined with the remaining channels of the canvas below (G:0,B:0) to create a composite with the appearance of red (R:255,G:0,B:0).
Most likely, this bug was introduced in CS5, which included modifications to Hue, Saturation, Color and Luminosity blend modes (to match Photoshop). For comparison, proper RGB blend mode behavior was observed in Fireworks 8.
For more information about this bug, please see the following post: http://forums.adobe.com/thread/1209542

I haven't noticed changes in the way the blend modes work.
It's possible you have a specific problem on your system, or you have an image with a color space that uses a different gamma than you're used to working in. In the latter case, the math could be the same but if the representation of the colors is changed (which is what the color profile defines) you could get a radically different looking result.
Maybe it would be useful to post some screen grabs, and ideally it would be great if you could post a copy of a PSD file that demonstrates the problem (i.e., looks different when opened in an older version of Photoshop than in Photoshop CS6).
EDIT: Looks like I was too late in answering; I was distracted after typing and before posting.
-Noel

Blend Mode Problem

Hi:
I recently found that with Photoshop CS5 the Blend Mode Behind is not operative. Using it produces nothing whatsoever. I have already tried resetting the Brush tool but this had no effect. Any suggestions?
Herman R.

Hi Charles:
I was following a tutorial on CS5 from Lynda.com and the narrator didn't
make clear what he was doing. Now I realize that Behind blend mode only
paints on transparency and I've got it to work. Just a misunderstanding.
Thanks for your input.
Herman R.

Hue Blend Mode Confusion

Hello,
In reading about the Hue blend mode, I have come to understand (perhaps erroneously) that given two layers (T)op and (B)ottom, that if the Blend Mode of T is set to Hue, then the hue information in T will be blended with the saturation and luminosity in B, which essentially means that the hue information in B is replaced by the hue information in T. However, in running some experiments, I've noticed that when dealing with a very simple document comprised of two layers only, that setting the Blend Mode to Hue also changes the saturation and brightness.
Here are the steps to duplicate the observed phenomena using two regular layers:
Create a new blank document.
Fill with the color that corresponds to the HSB values (0, 70, 50).
Add a new layer above the existing layer (blend mode Normal).
Fill the topmost layer with the color that corresponds to the HSB values (230, 70, 50).
Using the Info panel, the HSB values for the document should read as (230, 70, 50).
Change the Blend Mode of the topmost layer to Hue.
Using the Info panel, the HSB values for the document should read as (230, 70, 50), but instead read as (230, 66, 53).
And here are the steps to duplicate the observed phenomena using a regular layer and an adjustment layer:
Create a new blank document.
Fill with the color that corresponds to the HSB values (0, 70, 50).
Add a Hue/Saturation adjustment layer (blend mode Normal).
Adjust the Hue value in the Properties panel for the Hue/Saturation adjustment layer to be -130.
Using the Info panel, the HSB values for the document should read as (230, 70, 50).
Change the Blend Mode for the Hue/Saturation layer to be Hue.
Using the Info panel, the HSB values for the document should read as (230, 70, 50), but instead read as (230, 66, 53).
The results in both (for me) are identical. Am I misunderstanding the Hue blend mode?
Thanks,
Matt
Photoshop Info:     13.0.1 x64 Extended
OS:                        Windows 7 64-bit
CPU:                      Dual Xeon E5440
RAM:                     16 GB
Video:                    Nvidia GeForce GTX-580

Hi Chris,
Thanks very much for your straightforward and helpful answer. So, it would appear that my simplistic understanding of the Hue blend mode as 'replacing' the hue of the underlying layer(s) is incorrect. Would a fair rendering of what the Hue blend mode actually does be as follows?
"The Hue blend mode will perform a direct replacement of the hue in the underlying layer(s). The brightness and saturation of the underlying layer(s) will not be affected *unless* the resultant hue, saturation, and brightness 3-tuple would result in an illegal HSL combination, in which case the saturation and brightness of the resultant pixels will be altered to bring the HSL values into compliance."
Also, is there a way for the Info panel to display HSL values?
Thanks again,
Matt

Wmode transparent and blend mode problem

Dear all,
I'm stuck with this problem so far, got headache after searching many days on google without solution. Our designer using blend mode: screen (in flash) for some movies and the flash's transparent to save the file size display and then ưe are using html background. All'r working fine for wmode transparent but in Internet Explorer, it's not working to display the blend mode and appear the black background. You can check the image below to see what happen:
Loading the movies within blend mode screen
Transparent's working fine with the normal transparent
Test blend mode with opaque wmode to see how it will display
I've tested with IE7, 8, 9. I'm using window 7 Ultimate, 64bit, Flash player latest version. (And my clients, friends, also got that issues when seeing it with IE).
My embed code:
<object width="1000" height="600" classid="clsid:d27cdb6e-ae6d-11cf-96b8-444553540000" >
<param value="high" name="quality"></param>
<param value="intro.swf" name="movie"></param>
<param value="opaque" name="wmode"></param>
<embed width="1000" height="600" wmode="opaque" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" pluginspage="http://www.adobe.com/shockwave/download/download.cgi?P1_Prod_Version=ShockwaveFlash" quality="high" src="intro.swf">
</object>
We can solve it manually that put the image background into the flash but it's not the good way to do it in our modern web industry.
Any solution?

dont why i can't submit in the bugbase, it's just hanged out though i submit all the required information T.T
Update: the bug only with IE9. (i concerned IE 7, 8 because i've tested it by IE9 development tool, not real IE 7, 8). Today i've tried testing with real IE7, 8 and it's working fine.

Learning blending modes

I've learned most of what I know about PSE from a certain magazine from England. But in their step by step instructions, you are told to use this or that blending mode, but not why.
Are there any threads on here that expalin what the different modes do and when to use what? I've tried to do search but didn't work.
Thanks
Ricih

http://www.ronbigelow.com/articles/blend1/blend1.htm
The above is a set of tutorials that includes tables listing practical uses of blend modes for photographers.
His examples are done using photoshop but the blend modes are the same in both Photoshop and Photoshop Elements. Layer masking is used to constrain the blend mode effects to portions of the photos. With elements, you will need to use an adjustment layer so you can hijack the mask. If you are just going to blend the image with itself, create a levels adjustment layer...leave it at the default setting and click ok to accept. Adjust the levels adjustment layer's blend mode and opacity if desired. This will act just as if you were working on a duplicate of the image...and you have a mask.
If blending two different images, use a clipping mask/group. Here's a link on info about using clipping masks/clipping groups...same thing different name.
http://www.photokaboom.com/photography/learn/Photoshop_Elements/layers/layer_groups_clippi ng_masks/1_layer_groups_clipping_masks.htm
Other tutorials that cover blend modes...
http://www.northlite.net/ps/blend.htm
http://www.photoshopessentials.com/photo-editing/layer-blend-modes/
http://www.photoshoptut.com/photoshops-blend-modes/
http://www.psdtop.com/blog/basic/understanding-blending-modes/
Still one more...don't read #20 as it covers advanced masking (Blend If) that isn't available in Photoshop Elements.
http://www.teamphotoshop.com/articles-The-Techniques-Layer-Blend-Modes-Explained!-5,8,65a. html
Edit: That last link you'll have to copy and paste it into your browser to get it to work. It's not linking correctly.

Changing from "Pass Through" as Default in Blend Mode in a Group Folder Layer Set

Hello Forum gurus!
Using a MacBook Pro, 10.5.4. Painting with CS2. My question is two-fold.
When the Group layer folder in a layer set is selected, it is displaying the "Pass Through" blend mode by default. Is there a special convenience to this? (Best use for pass through blend mode)
Also, How may I change the default in this mode to be "Normal" as the setting when creating a Group folder layer set?
Thanks!!
Colene

Matthias, now I understand. We're both right from different perspectives. If you want the adjustment layer (should there be one within the group) to affect all layers below the group (perhaps because that's the way the image looked before you made the group in the first place), then Pass Through is your blend mode. If you want that adjustment layer to affect only those layers within the group (which I often do), then Normal (or some other) is your blend mode.

Color Dodge Blend mode issue in CS4

Alright I'm running CS4 and I'm having an issue using the color dodge blend mode for my brushes. What im trying to do is to create a light effect which I've done this before and I've also run into this problem before and I've solved it but I just cant remember how. I have a dark gradient on my background and i created a new blank layer for my brush, i set the brush layer blend mode to Color Dodge and use a white brush so it will pick up on the gradient. The issue I'm having is it's just painting over the gradient as if nothing is there and it only starts picking up on the background on a ring that I uncover when I go over it with a brush I'll try and provide an image. the white is suppose to turn bright red when it goes over the colored part of the gradient but it only changes its color near this ring on the gradient that I didn't add in. . . it's a weird explanation and I'm sorry cant explain it better but I hope someone knows or can figure out what I'm talking about or experiencing. your help is appreciated

I tried what you said and overlay wont work because it's too dark. I don't know if it was something wrong with my brushes or something else.I opened an old PSD that i had done this same thing with and the color dodge was working on that but whenever i created a new one it would act strange like the image above. then i tried again later and for some reason it started to work. The only thing i did differently was reset my brushes and i created a group and changed the group's blend mode to Color Dodge then put in a blank layer inside the group folder with a normal blend mode and it worked for some reason. I still don't know exactly what i did but oh well it's working now. Thanks for your help. This is what i was trying to do so now you can see how it wasn't working above.

Changing blend mode changes behavior

I'm trying to have words grow from very small to "swallow up" the screen—all while using them as stencils through which we see water. With me so far? Anyway, the motion is perfect when the blend mode is on normal, but when I simply change the blend mode to Stencil Alpha, at a certain point, it starts moving sharply to the right. All I've done is change blending modes, honest.
Who knows what the h-e-double hockey sticks this is, and, how to fix it? This is maddening.

Heya,
This is just a guess, as I haven't seen your project, but I think the text is sliding because it is too large for your GPU, so it's getting cropped and recentered.
Why is it happening when you change the blend mode? Good question. I think it's because picking any blend mode but 'Normal' is causing a pre-comp, and since your GPU's size limit is being exceeded, it's cropping (and recentering) the result. Or maybe it's a bug.
Here's a workaround to try: nest the text in its own layer, enable Fixed Resolution for the layer (found in the Layer tab in the Inspector, when the layer is selected), and then change the blend mode of the layer to whatever you want.
Seriously, though, you really should be using (as Patrick suggested) the Image Mask tool, instead of the Stencil Alpha blend mode. Free yourself from the AE-style blend mode tyranny! Vive la image mask!
(good luck)

Changing Blend mode in Layer Style

On a Mac is there a shortcut to change the blend mode of the layer inside the Layer Style dialog box?? On a pc you can click on the blend mode menu and then once it's highlighted you can cycle through with arrow keys. I know outside of the Layer Style dialog you can Shift and + or - with the move tool, but the advantage of doing this inside of your layer style dialog is it doens't affect your history. Plus it's something I would like to be able to do with blend modes of any Layer Style effect. Thanks.

Actually no there isnt. The Option Shift Blend mode shortcuts should really work here but don't

The math behind blending modes

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