Things to keep in mind while programming to avoid heap and permgen errors?

I some time get Java heap error and permgen error in my project which is having large code base i.e 2500 java lasses.
I know about two jvm parameter which we can set to deal with for java heap we can -Xms 1024 -Xmx 1024 and for permgen we can set -Xmx:permgen 256m.
That also sometime does not solve the problem. I am looking forward if we can do something proactively while programming the application so that we can descrease the probablity of facing such issues. here is my understanding
Permgen error can occur either at serverstart up or at application run time. I can think two main reason for this:
1) More the classes will be loaded more spaces will be eaten in permgen area.
2) Too many reference of static variable in application (as they gets also stored in permgen area). Agreed it wont make much difference. Probably millions of variable can make difference.
3)Too many string literals used in application.
So while programming we can take care of points 2 and 3 if we can avoid them. Looking for some other solutions also which we can keep in mind while programming to avoid these situations(For both permgen and java heap out of memory issue). Could not come up if we can follow any proactive approach for not facing java heap out of memory issue?

JavaFunda wrote:
As per understanding app server should unload the classes as soon as we stop the server.Well, if you stop the server then it'll definitely unload the classes. Or unloading might not be an accurate term.
Basically what we do is undeploy and deploy.That's not stopping the server. Unfortunately most of the app servers do require restarts, since they can't get rid of all the crud.
Is your program doing significant dynamic class loading?Not sure how can i get information about thisRead up a bit on dynamic class loading and see if it looks like something your program is doing a lot (probably not).

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Hi Gurus,
Please tell me, what things i should keep in mind while finalizing to be process?
And what to do when client ask for something which i dont know that SAP is providing or not?
Waiting for reply.
Thank You
Regards,

hello please read below
points will be appreciated
Implementing a package can be a traumatic affair for both the customer and the vendor.   Get it wrong and the vendor may get paid late or have to resort to lawyers to get paid and tarnish their reputation.   For the company the new package may not work the way they expected, be late or cost a more than budgeted for and take management will take their eye off running their business.
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My top five factors to consider would be:
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2. Secure the resources,
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5. Train the users.
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The Project Board
The correct set up and operation of the Project Board in my view is major factor in the success failure of the project.   The Project Board will consist of the stakeholders, key users and the vendor.   The Project Board is part of the governance of the project.   The Project Board will meet regularly to ensure that the project plans are created and being executed as planned, moves from stage to stage with all the deliverables being signed off is resourced properly.
The Resources
Three types of resources are absolutely necessary -- end users, change team and technicians.
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The Change Team will identify the gaps between the package and the business requirements, re-engineer some of the businesses process to cope with the package, train the users to ensure implementation is smooth as possible into the business.
The Technical Team will prepare the systems environment for the package, apply any software fixes from the vendor, implement the software in the best way possible for the organisation set up and tune the software for the particular technical environment.
GAP Analysis
A through gap analysis will identify the gaps between how the business operates ad its needs against what the package can can't do.   For each gap there will be one of three outcomes which must be recorded and actioned, GAP must be closed and customised software can be developed close the gap, GAP must be closed but software cannot be written therefore a workaround is required, GAP does not need to be closed.
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Actual gap analysis is time consuming and it plays vital role in blue print stage.
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Well trained users will support and defend the system on site. Unsupportive users will continually undermine the system and eventually it will be replaced.   Therefore the more effort you put into helping the users master the system early the better.
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Both are quiet a different and has a small relation.
User exits are standard gate ways provided by SAP to exit the standard code and we can write our own code with the help of ABAP workbench.   its not new functionality which we are trying to build in sap but its slight enhancement within the same code.
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I need to ask you for a few tips to see what to do you think,
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Original post
here. Was told to post in this forum.
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Please remember to mark the replies as answers if they help, and unmark the answers if they provide no help. If you have feedback for TechNet Support, contact [email protected]

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Things to keep in mind while programming to avoid heap and permgen errors?

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