Unable to create query.

Question

Hello
I am new to jpa. When I create the "SELECT g FROM Game g WHERE g.player1_id=:user" I get the following error "unknown state or association field [player1_id] of class [entity.Game]".
Here are netbean's generated entity classes.
package entity;
import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Date;
import javax.persistence.*;
import javax.validation.constraints.NotNull;
import javax.validation.constraints.Size;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlRootElement;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlTransient;
* @author Ara Yeritsian
@Entity
@Table(name = "game")
@XmlRootElement
@NamedQueries({
@NamedQuery(name = "Game.findAll", query = "SELECT g FROM Game g"),
@NamedQuery(name = "Game.findById", query = "SELECT g FROM Game g WHERE g.id = :id"),
@NamedQuery(name = "Game.findByState", query = "SELECT g FROM Game g WHERE g.state = :state"),
@NamedQuery(name = "Game.findByStartRulles", query = "SELECT g FROM Game g WHERE g.startRulles = :startRulles"),
@NamedQuery(name = "Game.findByStartDate", query = "SELECT g FROM Game g WHERE g.startDate = :startDate"),
@NamedQuery(name = "Game.findByClock", query = "SELECT g FROM Game g WHERE g.clock = :clock")})
public class Game implements Serializable {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
@Id
@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
@Basic(optional = false)
@NotNull
@Column(name = "id")
private Integer id;
@Basic(optional = false)
@NotNull
@Size(min = 1, max = 16)
@Column(name = "state")
private String state;
@Basic(optional = false)
@NotNull
@Column(name = "start_rulles")
private short startRulles;
@Column(name = "start_date")
@Temporal(TemporalType.TIMESTAMP)
private Date startDate;
@Column(name = "clock")
private Integer clock;
@OneToMany(cascade = CascadeType.ALL, mappedBy = "gameId")
private Collection<MoveHistory> moveHistoryCollection;
@JoinColumn(name = "player2_id", referencedColumnName = "id")
@ManyToOne
private User player2Id;
@JoinColumn(name = "player1_id", referencedColumnName = "id")
@ManyToOne(optional = false)
private User player1Id;
public Game() {
public Game(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
public Game(Integer id, String state, short startRulles) {
this.id = id;
this.state = state;
this.startRulles = startRulles;
public Integer getId() {
return id;
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
public String getState() {
return state;
public void setState(String state) {
this.state = state;
public short getStartRulles() {
return startRulles;
public void setStartRulles(short startRulles) {
this.startRulles = startRulles;
public Date getStartDate() {
return startDate;
public void setStartDate(Date startDate) {
this.startDate = startDate;
public Integer getClock() {
return clock;
public void setClock(Integer clock) {
this.clock = clock;
@XmlTransient
public Collection<MoveHistory> getMoveHistoryCollection() {
return moveHistoryCollection;
public void setMoveHistoryCollection(Collection<MoveHistory> moveHistoryCollection) {
this.moveHistoryCollection = moveHistoryCollection;
public User getPlayer2Id() {
return player2Id;
public void setPlayer2Id(User player2Id) {
this.player2Id = player2Id;
public User getPlayer1Id() {
return player1Id;
public void setPlayer1Id(User player1Id) {
this.player1Id = player1Id;
@Override
public int hashCode() {
int hash = 0;
hash += (id != null ? id.hashCode() : 0);
return hash;
@Override
public boolean equals(Object object) {
// TODO: Warning - this method won't work in the case the id fields are not set
if (!(object instanceof Game)) {
return false;
Game other = (Game) object;
if ((this.id == null && other.id != null) || (this.id != null && !this.id.equals(other.id))) {
return false;
return true;
@Override
public String toString() {
return "entity.Game[ id=" + id + " ]";
* To change this template, choose Tools | Templates
* and open the template in the editor.
package entity;
import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.Collection;
import javax.persistence.*;
import javax.validation.constraints.NotNull;
import javax.validation.constraints.Size;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlRootElement;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlTransient;
* @author Ara Yeritsian
@Entity
@Table(name = "user")
@XmlRootElement
@NamedQueries({
@NamedQuery(name = "User.findAll", query = "SELECT u FROM User u"),
@NamedQuery(name = "User.findById", query = "SELECT u FROM User u WHERE u.id = :id"),
@NamedQuery(name = "User.findByEmail", query = "SELECT u FROM User u WHERE u.email = :email"),
@NamedQuery(name = "User.findByPassword", query = "SELECT u FROM User u WHERE u.password = :password"),
@NamedQuery(name = "User.findByRating", query = "SELECT u FROM User u WHERE u.rating = :rating"),
@NamedQuery(name = "User.findByNickname", query = "SELECT u FROM User u WHERE u.nickname = :nickname"),
@NamedQuery(name = "User.findBySecurityQuestionAnswer", query = "SELECT u FROM User u WHERE u.securityQuestionAnswer = :securityQuestionAnswer")})
public class User implements Serializable {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
@Id
@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
@Basic(optional = false)
@NotNull
@Column(name = "id")
private Integer id;
// @Pattern(regexp="[a-z0-9!#$%&'*+/=?^_`{|}~-]+(?:\\.[a-z0-9!#$%&'*+/=?^_`{|}~-]+)*@(?:[a-z0-9](?:[a-z0-9-]*[a-z0-9])?\\.)+[a-z0-9](?:[a-z0-9-]*[a-z0-9])?", message="Invalid email")//if the field contains email address consider using this annotation to enforce field validation
@Basic(optional = false)
@NotNull
@Size(min = 1, max = 45)
@Column(name = "email")
private String email;
@Basic(optional = false)
@NotNull
@Size(min = 1, max = 45)
@Column(name = "password")
private String password;
@Basic(optional = false)
@NotNull
@Column(name = "rating")
private int rating;
@Basic(optional = false)
@NotNull
@Size(min = 1, max = 45)
@Column(name = "nickname")
private String nickname;
@Basic(optional = false)
@NotNull
@Size(min = 1, max = 45)
@Column(name = "security_question_answer")
private String securityQuestionAnswer;
@OneToMany(cascade = CascadeType.ALL, mappedBy = "playerId")
private Collection<MoveHistory> moveHistoryCollection;
@OneToMany(mappedBy = "player2Id")
private Collection<Game> gameCollection;
@OneToMany(cascade = CascadeType.ALL, mappedBy = "player1Id")
private Collection<Game> gameCollection1;
@JoinColumn(name = "security_question_id", referencedColumnName = "id")
@ManyToOne(optional = false)
private SecurityQuestion securityQuestionId;
public User() {
public User(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
public User(Integer id, String email, String password, int rating, String nickname, String securityQuestionAnswer) {
this.id = id;
this.email = email;
this.password = password;
this.rating = rating;
this.nickname = nickname;
this.securityQuestionAnswer = securityQuestionAnswer;
public Integer getId() {
return id;
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
public String getEmail() {
return email;
public void setEmail(String email) {
this.email = email;
public String getPassword() {
return password;
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
public int getRating() {
return rating;
public void setRating(int rating) {
this.rating = rating;
public String getNickname() {
return nickname;
public void setNickname(String nickname) {
this.nickname = nickname;
public String getSecurityQuestionAnswer() {
return securityQuestionAnswer;
public void setSecurityQuestionAnswer(String securityQuestionAnswer) {
this.securityQuestionAnswer = securityQuestionAnswer;
@XmlTransient
public Collection<MoveHistory> getMoveHistoryCollection() {
return moveHistoryCollection;
public void setMoveHistoryCollection(Collection<MoveHistory> moveHistoryCollection) {
this.moveHistoryCollection = moveHistoryCollection;
@XmlTransient
public Collection<Game> getGameCollection() {
return gameCollection;
public void setGameCollection(Collection<Game> gameCollection) {
this.gameCollection = gameCollection;
@XmlTransient
public Collection<Game> getGameCollection1() {
return gameCollection1;
public void setGameCollection1(Collection<Game> gameCollection1) {
this.gameCollection1 = gameCollection1;
public SecurityQuestion getSecurityQuestionId() {
return securityQuestionId;
public void setSecurityQuestionId(SecurityQuestion securityQuestionId) {
this.securityQuestionId = securityQuestionId;
@Override
public int hashCode() {
int hash = 0;
hash += (id != null ? id.hashCode() : 0);
return hash;
@Override
public boolean equals(Object object) {
// TODO: Warning - this method won't work in the case the id fields are not set
if (!(object instanceof User)) {
return false;
User other = (User) object;
if ((this.id == null && other.id != null) || (this.id != null && !this.id.equals(other.id))) {
return false;
return true;
@Override
public String toString() {
return "entity.User[ id=" + id + " ]";
Edited by: 927714 on Apr 15, 2012 1:04 AM

Answer 1

JPQL uses entity properties and attributes in queries, not the SQL field names, so you cannot use "player1_id" since it does not exist in the Game entity. I do not know what you are passing in for the :user parameter, but if it is an Id for the User entity, you should try using "g.player1Id.id = :user". If you are passing in the User entity, you can use "g.player1Id = :user" instead.
Best Regards,
Chris