PERFORMING FULL RECOVERY WHEN THE RECOVERY CATALOG AND CONTROLFILE ARE LOST

제품 : RMAN
작성날짜 : 2002-05-30
PERFORMING FULL RECOVERY WHEN THE RECOVERY CATALOG AND CONTROLFILE ARE LOST
===========================================================================
PURPOSE
Recovery Catalog와 Controlfile이 손상되었을 때 Oracle9i의 new feature인
Controlfile Autobackup을 이용하여 full recovery를 수행하는 방법을 알아본다
EXPLANATION
Catalog와 Controlfile이 모두 손상되었을 경우 full recovery를 수행할 수 있도록
하기 위해 oracle9i부터 Controlfile Autobackup이라는 New feature를 제공한다.
이 Feature가 활성화되면 RMAN은 자동으로 특정 형식(specific format)으로
controlfile을 backup한다 나중에 RMAN은 Recovery catalog를 access하지 않고도
이 backup을 인식할 수 있다. 이 형식은 "%F"라는 variable을 포함하는데
이 variable은 중요한 정보인 DATABASE ID를 포함하고 있다.
이것은 다음과 같은 CONFIGURE 명령을 사용하여 Turn-on 될 수 있다.
RMAN> configure controlfile autobackup on;
활성화시킨 후에 controlfile autobackup의 format을 변경할 수 있다. 그러나
이것은 반드시 variable "%F"를 포함해야만 한다. 그렇지 않으면 다음과 같은 Error
를 만나게 된다.
RMAN> configure controlfile autobackup format for
2> device type disk to 'c:\backups\%U';
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00579: the following error occurred at 01/31/2002 11:57:21
RMAN-03002: failure during compilation of command
RMAN-03013: command type: configure
RMAN-06492: controlfile autobackup format "c:\backups\%U" must specify a "%F"
format specifier
%F 는 RMAN이 recovery catalog 없이 backup piece를 인식하도록 Key이다.
이 Feature가 활성화 된 후에 RMAN은 BACKUP 명령을 수행할 때마다 controlfile에
대해서 별도의 backup을 수행한다. 이전에는, controlfile 은 오직 system
tablespace가 backup되는 경우에만 자동으로 backup되었다.
Database Backup은 아래와 같은 log를 출력한다.
RMAN> backup database;
Starting backup at 31-JAN-02
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: sid=12 devtype=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backupset
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset
input datafile fno=00001 name=C:\ORACLE\ORADATA\PROD\SYSTEM01.DBF
input datafile fno=00002 name=C:\ORACLE\ORADATA\PROD\UNDOTBS01.DBF
input datafile fno=00005 name=C:\ORACLE\ORADATA\PROD\EXAMPLE01.DBF
input datafile fno=00006 name=C:\ORACLE\ORADATA\PROD\INDX01.DBF
input datafile fno=00008 name=C:\ORACLE\ORADATA\PROD\USERS01.DBF
input datafile fno=00003 name=C:\ORACLE\ORADATA\PROD\CWMLITE01.DBF
input datafile fno=00004 name=C:\ORACLE\ORADATA\PROD\DRSYS01.DBF
input datafile fno=00007 name=C:\ORACLE\ORADATA\PROD\TOOLS01.DBF
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 31-JAN-02
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 31-JAN-02
piece handle=C:\BACKUPS\01DFKAIH_1_1 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:01:56
Finished backup at 31-JAN-02
Starting Control File Autobackup at 31-JAN-02
piece handle=C:\BACKUPS\C-4159396170-20020131-00 comment=NONE
Finished Control File Autobackup at 31-JAN-02
Note:
Controlfile backup은 backup의 끝에서 수행된다.
그리고 이 backup piece name의 두번째 string은 dbid이다(4159396170)
Current controlfile이 database와 함께 손실되고 Recovery catalog도 손상되어
사용할 수 없게 되었을 때 controlfile autobackup이 controlfile을 restore하기
위해 사용될 수 있다. restore된 controlfile은 db를 mount하고 datafile들을
restore하기 위해 사용될 수 있다.
Controlfile autobackup을 이용하여 full recovery를 수행하기 위해서는 아래와
같은 과정을 수행하면 된다.
1. Target instance를 위한 new init.ora를 생성한다. backup이 있다면 이것을
사용할 수 있다.
2. Startup nomount your new instance.
3. RMAN은 시작하나 어떤 connect statement도 수행하지 않는다.
4. RMAN prompt상에서 DBID를 설정한다. 만약 DBID를 모르면 controlfile autobackup
의 이름으로부터 이것을 알 수 있다.
RMAN> set dbid=4159396170;
5. Dbid를 설정한 후에 nomount로 startup한 target instance에 connect한다.
RMAN> connect target /
6. 만약에 backup이 disk상에 있고 controlfile autobackup을 non-default location
으로 지정하였다면 파일을 다음과 같은 위치로 옮겨 놓는다
ON UNIX : ORACLE_HOME/dbs
ON WINDOWS: ORACLE_HOME/database
RMAN은 controlfile autobackup을 찾기 위해 위 directory를 검색한다.
만약 controlfile autobackup location을 바꾸지 않으면 위 directory안에
backup이 생성되게 된다.
만약에 backup이 tape에 있다면 restore시 channel과 device를 기술하기 위해서
run block을 사용해야 한다. database가 mount되어 있지 않기 때문에
default device와 channel을 설정할 수 없다.
RMAN> run { allocate channel c_1 type 'sbt_tape'
parms "ENV=(NB_ORA_SERV=rm-wgt)";
restore controlfile from autobackup;}
7. Restore the controlfile:
RMAN> restore controlfile from autobackup;
8. Mount the database from the restored controlfile:
RMAN> alter database mount;
9. Restore datafiles:
RMAN> restore database;
10. file들을 restore한 후에 recovery를 수행할 수 있다.
이때 current online redo log가 없고 또한 backup controlfile을 사용하기
때문에 incomplete recovery를 수행해야 한다. 이를 수행하기 위해서는
"UNTIL TIME"을 설정해야 하고 open시에는 resetlogs를 사용해야 한다.
RMAN> set until time=<time stamp>;
RMAN> recover database;
RMAN> alter database open resetlogs;
REFERENCE DOCUMENT
NOTE:174623.1

BACKUP Command Behavior
ON
If the backup includes datafile 1, then RMAN does not automatically include the current control file in the datafile backup set. Instead, RMAN writes the control file and server parameter file to a separate autobackup piece.
Note: The autobackup occurs regardless of whether the BACKUP or COPY command explicitly includes the current control file, for example, BACKUP DATABASE INCLUDE CURRENT CONTROLFILE.
OFF
If the backup includes datafile 1, then RMAN automatically includes the current control file and server parameter file in the datafile backup set. RMAN does not create a separate autobackup piece containing the control file and server parameter file.
BUT Dear Mohammed,
It is not working accordingly. what I did is :-
1. I switched off the AUTOBACKUP
2. Then I took whole database backup, that means it included File # 1
3. But according to above it is going to include autobackup of controlfile and spfile in the same backupset .
4. But when I asked it to restore controlfile from autobackup it said NO AUTOBACKUP FOUND.
COULD YOU PLEASE HELP ME ONCE AGAIN DEAR.
If it works accroding to above then it should have my Autobackup.
Regards
Harpreet Singh

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