Price S and prive V in material master

Question

Hi,
most customers ask why moving average price and standard price must be set in material master and why I cannot take as V or S price the price my vendor apply when he sells me products and why are necessary the above price ?
Regards

Answer 1

Hi
In the standard price procedure (price control u201CSu201D), the system carries out all stock postings at a price defined in the material master. Variances are posted to price difference accounts.
In the moving average price procedure (price control u201CVu201D), the system valuates goods receipts with the purchase order price and goods issues with the current moving average price. The system automatically calculates the latter upon every goods movement by dividing the total value by the total stock quantity. Differences between the purchase order price and the invoice are posted directly to the relevant stock account if there is sufficient stock coverage.
Characteristic of Price Control u201CSu201D:
u2022     All stock postings are made at a standard price.
u2022     The system posts all differences from the standard price to an account u201CExpense/Revenue from price differenceu201D.
u2022     Exact values are available for cost accounting / controlling purposes (All goods issues, such as issues to a production order, are valuated at the same standard price. This allows better analysis of the costs of production orders).
u2022     In the accounting view, we can display differences between the delivered price and the standard price.
u2022     We can change material prices if required (generally at the end of period). This causes the system to revaluate the total stock for a valuation area.
Posting at Standard Price.
A receipt posted to a stock account is generally posted at the standard price. Differences between the order price and the standard price are posted to an u201CExpenses/revenue from price differencesu201D account (2).
Differences between the invoice price and the order price are posted to an u201CExpenses/revenue from price differencesu201D account (3).
The moving average price is also recorded in the material master when the material is valuated at a standard price. It indicates the extent to which the standard price differs from the delivered price.
Characteristic of Price Control u201CVu201D.
u2022     Receipts are valuated at their actual price (as per purchase order, invoices,...)
u2022     The system modifies the price in the material in the material master according to the delivered price.
u2022     Issues are generally valuated at the current material price.
u2022     The data used for cost accounting / controlling purposes therefore contains price fluctuations.
u2022     Only in exceptional circumstances does the system post at a difference to the u201CExpenses/Revenues from price differencesu201D account (The system makes a posting to an u201CExpenses/revenue from price differencesu201D account for a material valuated at a moving average price only in the case of a debit or credit when the stock coverage in the company code is smaller than the quantity to be debited or credited, e.g.: When we reverse an invoice, the account movements made when the invoice was posted cannot always simply be reversed. For example, if there was sufficient stock coverage when we posted an invoice with a price variance for a material with moving average price, but when we reverse the invoice, there is insufficient stock coverage, the R/3 System posts the price difference in the credit memo to a price difference account, although the price variance was debited to the stock account when we posted the invoice)
u2022     We can change material prices if required (generally at the end of period). This causes the system to revaluate the total stock for a valuation area.
Postings at Moving Average Price.
Receipts to the stock account are posted with the value Quantity x Order price. The moving average price is recalculated after every transaction and is therefore adjusted in line with delivered prices (2)/(4).
Differences between the order price and the invoice price are debited to the stock account, as the invoiced quantity is in stock (3).
The difference between the order price and the invoice price is only posted for the 50 pieces in stock. For the remaining 50 pieces that are not in stock, the difference between the order price and the invoice price is posted to an u201CExpenses/revenue from price differencesu201D account (6).