Why file size is aligned to 4096 ?

I have this code in a .BAT file:
cl /Zi /nologo /W4 /WX- /O2 /Oi /Oy- /GL /X /c /GF /Gm- /Zp4 /GS- /Gy- /fp:precise /fp:except- /Zc:wchar_t /Zc:forScope /GR- /openmp- /Gd /analyze- "/FdC:\Users\Leinad\Desktop\OSTools\VisualStudioProject\Kernel\Kernel\Release\vc120.pdb" "/FoC:\Users\Leinad\Desktop\OSTools\Kernel.obj" "C:\Users\Leinad\Desktop\OSTools\VisualStudioProject\Kernel\Kernel\Main.cpp"
link /VERBOSE /NOLOGO /NODEFAULTLIB /MANIFEST:NO /ALLOWISOLATION:NO /DEBUG /SUBSYSTEM:NATIVE /LARGEADDRESSAWARE /DRIVER /ENTRY:"Main" /BASE:"0x100000" /FIXED /MACHINE:X86 /ALIGN:512 /SAFESEH:NO /OPT:REF /OPT:ICF "/OUT:C:\Users\Leinad\Desktop\OSTools\Kernel.o" "C:\Users\Leinad\Desktop\OSTools\Kernel.obj"
I have 2 question:
1; Why is the file is aligned to 2048 bytes (file) and 4094 (disk) when I set it to 512 ?
2; Does it contains PE header ? So i have to read the .text pointer from the header ?

1; Why is the file is aligned to 2048 bytes (file) and 4094 (disk) when I set it to 512 ?
>Why is the file is aligned to ... 4094 (disk) when I set it to 512 ?
I presume you meant 4096 as in the Subject, not 4094.
How are you checking it? You are aware I hope that files are written to disk in clusters
of sectors. Under Windows NTFS a file on HD will take a multiple of 4096 bytes. So a file
with 82 bytes of data will occupy 4096 bytes on the hard disk. 4KB is the smallest allocation
unit under NTFS. Other file systems take varying amounts - I believe FAT32 uses 32KB clusters.
File Storage Hardware and Disk Organization
http://www.ntfs.com/hard-disk-basics.htm#Sectors%20and%20Clusters
Data cluster
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cluster_%28file_system%29
- Wayne

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Why is file size of exported clip so large?

I have a movie clip in MPEG-4 format, 3 minutes in duration, 720x400. I ripped it (using Handbrake) from a DVD I own. Let's call this clip Clip A. I wanted it to be smaller, so I used Quicktime Pro 6.5.2 to export it. Let's call the exported clip Clip AE (E for exported). Clip AE has these properties:
Compression: Sorenson Video 3
Quality: High
Frame rate: 15
Width x Height: 310 x 200
Sound format: QDesign Music 2
Sample rate: 22,050 kHz
Channels: Mono
File Size: 5.5 MB
Great. That's just what I wanted. Now I go to a second movie clip I have in MPEG-4 format. This Clip B is only 90 seconds in duration, 720x400. I export it to Clip BE. Clip BE has these properties:
Compression: Sorenson Video 3
Quality: High
Frame rate: 15
Width x Height: 310 x 200
Sound format: QDesign Music 2
Sample rate: 22,050 kHz
Channels: Mono
FILE SIZE: 25.8 MB
In both exports I set the Key Frame Rate and Data Rate to automatic. So, everything is the same except Clip BE, which is half as long in duration as Clip AE, is 5 times larger in file size.
I'm no expert at using QT Pro, but this result just does not make sense to me. Why is the second exported clip 5 times larger than the first one. I wanted to email both of them to my wife at work as a little surprise, but the second one is way too big for my email account. How can I get the file size of that second clip down to the size of the first one? Any help would be greatly appreciated.
iMac G5, iBook (dual USB) G3 Mac OS X (10.3.9)

The second clip probably has more detail or motion than the first.
Open Clip AE and choose "Get Info." Note the data rate of the video.
Now export clip B again, but instead of setting the data rate to automatic, set it to the same number as Clip AE's data rate.
You will lose video quality, but the file should come out smaller.

Why has my Adobe PCD cache.db file size started growing suddenly

I am running CS4 Design Premium on an iMac which had OS X 10.6.2 until the 29th and now has 10.6.3.
On 19th March my Adobe PCD cache.db file size was just over 100Mb. Since then it has grown steadily until it is now over 19Gb in size.
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this one is actually a really rare symptom of a flaky connection to the ipod on a Windows PC. there's more going on in terms of hardware on nanos and 5th gens than in the earlier models ... so if the connection is flaky to precisely the right/wrong degree, itunes will see the ipod, but misidentify it as an earlier version of ipod.
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just checking. have you tried connecting with a different (known-good) USB cable? does that seem to have any impact on the rate of occurence of the problem?

Media Encoder CS4 output file size varies--why??

I was batch encoding several files yesterday, and one of the files failed. Adobe Media Encoder provided no details, other than when I hover over the yellow exclamation point error icon, it says: "Error compiling movie. Unknown error." Very insightful.
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Why are the file sizes of exported jpegs so small?

I shoot raw, studio portraits mostly. I import to Lightroom 5 as DNG and then edit. Upon exporting as jpegs, the file sizes end up way too small, some of the cropped and/or black & white conversions as small as 560 KB, even with slider to 100%. Un-cropped color photos are ending up from 1.5 to 3MB. What am I doing wrong?

Jim,
Thank you for your response. I think some of the difficulties in this thread are that there have been more than one person reporting issues, which may or may not be exactly the same or different from the initial one reported by the original poster. Then, anyone else commenting can easily intermix bits and pieces from any or all of the other posters interrelated issues. Also, I should have added to my last response in clarification what I meant about the overall dimensions. I was referring specifically to inches, not file size, not resolution.
My very first post was a thank you to Rusty's post for his comment about how he had noticed his Resolution setting had been changed from ppi to ppcm. I didn't say anything about printing. In fact, I never even stated what my issue was. I was merely thanking him for sharing information. So, for anyone to tell me that I didn't know what my issue is, that I didn't understand was quite laughable to me. And then the other two posters were almost equally ridiculous, who said that since they didn't experience the same conditions as myself and another person, it couldn't be a programming error.
Trust me, I understand explicitly about resolution, image size, dimensions, file size and how they are all interrelated. Resolution is essentially the density of pixels. (And I'm still used to dpi vs ppi, that's how long I've been working with the concept.) I often help other people understand in whichever mode is most comfortable for them to grasp the knowledge of how to know what size image they need/want to capture and print depending on the types of measurements shown on their equipment used and by whomever they might be working with for finish work.
I have a set process, I have set image sizes, I have an action recorded in Photoshop to shrink my images to 24" x 36" and save them in the proper folder with the proper name and another to shrink them to 8" x 12" and place them in the proper folder with the proper name. I am meticulous, so when the first image imported into Photoshop and it was 18.898" x 28.346", un-cropped, I couldn't figure it out. The file size was still just as large, the resolution was still 72, I hadn't changed any settings in Lightroom or Photoshop, the ONLY thing I had done was install an update. It didn't make sense to me that with the pixel dimensions still being the normal size, all of the sudden the inch dimensions were smaller. And I did need to be able to have the capability for a larger print size if/when I do want to print.
I hope that I'm being clear now. I really was just trying to post a thank you initially. I hadn't expected all of this excess.
I apologize for the troll statement. It wasn't meant for you directly, it was more for the grouping of comments which in my opinion didn't seem to be useful for the discussion and were instead just baiting. I shouldn't have allowed my bad mood to permeate my own comment regardless. I am also sorry for any other statements I made which might have come across wrong. I was trying to be funny with my first comment about programmers, but it might not have come across that way. I hadn't expected the rude and unnecessary comment back which I received, and that's where the trollish comments came from. That's why I only responded to that person once, despite the string of poking posts.

Why is image file size increasing when changed to CMYK?

When converting the colour of a Jpeg to CMYK in Photoshop CS5 the file size is increasing.
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I'm using a lot of images for a print project so need to keep file sizes small with resolution of 300dpi. The image dimensions are really small, only about 30mm high so they shouldn't be this large a file size
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Thanks

Two things may be happening:
1)      you may be making the file pixel dimensions (width and height) larger due to the 300 dpi requirement.
2)      CMYK files, with 4 colors per pixel, are expected to be larger than JPG files, which are 3 colors per pixel and the data is compressed in a way that throws away information.
You will not get CMYK files anywhere near as small as JPG files, as you are finding.   If there are compression options available when you save the file, perhaps those can make the files smaller.
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Why is image file size getting inflated by Pages?

I have a newsletter I am creating, and I have inserted 6 photos. They have been pre-downsized using Image Ready, so each image is around 30k. But after they have been inserted, the file size of the entire Pages document is huge. So I opened the Package for the document (Control click on the icon) and I see that now the images are each around 300k. The images have not been manipulated in Pages, no shadows or strokes. They have been resized just a teeny bit (made smaller in all cases).
So what is going on to cause this huge inflation of file size. It is making my document too big to email (although it has helped to control the pdf export to "Good"... or even better to use the Color Sync file size reduction dialog, which is buried so deep in the Print dialog that I can't believe this is a common way to do it...)
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yes, you are right that the best results that I got were from the Print command and the color sync option to reduce file size. Without that, I took a Pages doc that was around 2.7megs and the pdf varied from 1.8-2.5 using the export command. With the color sync method I did get it down to a 450k pdf, which I am satisfied with.
Still it baffles me that a 40k jpeg will inflate to 300k in Pages. I don't see multiple copies in the Package for the document, so I don't think it is multiplying. And I think that at least one of the images lives in the document without having been resized from within Pages, so that doesn't seem to be involved.
I am using jpegs, adjusting them in Photoshop and then optimizing them with Image Ready, but they are JPEGs all thru the process, and they clearly are averaging around 35-40k after Image Ready does it's t hing. That is the whole purpose of Image Ready, it comes with Photoshop with that intention solely. I could try saving the image file in Preview or some other program and seeing if it inflates liek the Image REady jpegs do.
Anyway, I am still curiouis about why this happens, but I can live with the rather bizarre method of using the Print>Color Sych method.
Thanks to all of you for your help, really,
Peter

Why is audio file size larger than in Flash?

I use both Flash and Captivate. Final file size is a big consideration. I wondered why the file size of the audio in Captivate is almost twice as large as the same audio if it's used in Flash. I'm using the same audio settings for both. Does anyone know what causes the audio compression to be different in Captivate than in Flash?

OK, sounds like memory will be fine, so let's look at some other stuff...
Is it only one particularly keynote presentation that slows up for you, or does keynote behave in the same way even if you start from scratch and create a new presentation?
If it's just the one presentation then there's probably some content (possibly video) within it that KN takes exception to. Sometimes a single problematic slide or piece of content can slow down the whole app.
Is the problematic presentation one that was imported from Powerpoint? If so, import it again and look carefully at the import error/warning logs.
Before you start keynote, start up activity monitor - which will give you an indication of what programs are using all the CPU/memory/disk bandwidth etc. You'll then have an idea of whether it is KN maxing out on CPU or whether anything else is dragging the system down.
Another thing you could try would be to log in to a different user account on your machine (create one if necessary) and then try opening the presentation from within this different account. If this works for you then it suggests a problem with the keynote plist file in your original user account.
I don't know if it'd be acceptable to you, but if you could post a link to your problematic presentation then I could download it and try it out on my normally reliable Keynote on one of my computers. (Make sure that you've ticked the box to embed all media in the presentation)
Hope some of this is helpful,
Mike.

Why is the exported file size so small?

Hello!
I just spent the last few days watching about three hours of Adobe Premiere Pro CS3 tutorials and almost all five hours of the Adobe Encore CS3 tutorials on Lynda.com with the awesome 30-day trial that I received for purchasing these two programs. I pretty much got to the end of authoring my first DVD with Encore, but the file size is so small that it doesn't even take up the full size of a single-layer DVD and I was expecting to be using double-layer DVDs.
Here's why I didn't post this in the Encore discussion: My two file sizes are 10GB and 8GB. I have them both as single timelines in Premiere Pro and exported them each to Encore. But why does the file size decrease to just over 1GB for each of the files in the Export to Encore option in Premiere Pro CS3?
I begin a brand new project in Premiere Pro, import the 10GB .avi, and then do the Export to Encore with "DVD Double Layer", "Author with Menus", "Entire Sequence", "NTSC High Quality" with the quality level switched from 4 to 5, Video Codec = "MainConcept MPEG Video", 720x480, 29.97 drop frame, Lower, Standard 4:3, VBR, 2 Pass, the default bitrate settings of Minimum Bit Rate = 1.5, Target Bit Rate = 4, Maximum Bit Rate = 7, and then whatever GOP Settings are set to M Frames = 3 and N Frames = 15. Without any video editing at all, it estimates the file size at 1.7GB.
If my goal is to get the file sizes closer to 4GB and 3.5GB, can I fiddle with any of these settings without screwing up the ability for all DVD players to read my disc? I thought it would probably be ideal to have them closer to 7GB and 6GB, and then let Encore downgrade the quality to fit all of the content on the DVD with very little room to spare. But why is there no default to keep the video resolution at the absolute best possible?
Should I be exporting to a Movie instead of exporting to Encore?
Thanks!
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Patrick,
After I installed and registered my software, I received this email twice for both Premiere Pro and Encore, and I would imagine that it would only make sense to receive this same type of bonus for Production Premium:
"Thanks for registering - claim your benefit today.
Adobe Systems Incorporated [[email protected]]
Thank you for purchasing and registering your copy of Adobe Premiere Pro CS3. You now have a wealth of creative tools at your disposal. While taking advantage of online and printed resources we also encourage you to select a complimentary benefit. At Adobe we want you to get the most out of your software it's our commitment to you.
Check out Adobe Bridge Home*, a feature of Adobe Bridge CS3.
Get access to product tips, training videos, product news, and other creative resources all in one place. Simply click the Adobe Bridge icon within any application to get started.
You got it, now get more.
Hypatia Sans Font:
Developed for customers who register their Adobe Creative Suite® 3 product, these unique and stylish fonts were inspired by the 1920s and '30s. Receive Adobe's new type family (a US$169 value) for free.
Lynda.com Training:
Take advantage of a free 30-day Online Training Library® subscription, including in-depth Adobe training in easy-to-use video format.
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Thanks for the tip, Steven! I will try that now.
- Matt

When i open a new document, my "width" and "lenght" add two zeros automatically to file size??? For example basic A4 size in mm is 210 00mm x 297 00mm? And i can´t do nothing about it! Why on earth?

When i open a new document, my "width" and "lenght" add two zeros automatically to file size??? For example basic A4 size in mm is 210 00mm x 297 00mm? And i can´t do nothing about it! Why on earth?
This "error note" must have something to do about it?

elppaelo,
You may try the list.
The following is a general list of things you may try when the issue is not in a specific file (you may have tried/done some of them already); 1) and 2) are the easy ones for temporary strangenesses, and 3) and 4) are specifically aimed at possibly corrupt preferences); 5) is a list in itself, and 6) is the last resort.
If possible/applicable, you should save curent artwork first, of course.
1) Close down Illy and open again;
2) Restart the computer (you may do that up to 3 times);
3) Close down Illy and press Ctrl+Alt+Shift/Cmd+Option+Shift during startup (easy but irreversible);
4) Move the folder (follow the link with that name) with Illy closed (more tedious but also more thorough and reversible);
5) Look through and try out the relevant among the Other options (follow the link with that name, Item 7) is a list of usual suspects among other applications that may disturb and confuse Illy, Item 15) applies to CC, CS6, and maybe CS5);
Even more seriously, you may:
6) Uninstall, run the Cleaner Tool (if you have CS3/CS4/CS5/CS6/CC), and reinstall.
http://www.adobe.com/support/contact/cscleanertool.html

LPX file size grows every time I save (with almost no changes) - WHY?

Hi all,
I am just now starting to move from Logic 9 to Logic Pro X. I first imported a very simple file from logic nine as a folder project and did not import anything except the file.
- Then, I immediately saved it. took more than 30 secs on core i7 - why so long?
- next I "saved a copy as" file 1a - file size 700k - nice and small.
- that I loaded the first logic X file back in and muted a few things and saved again
- I made some other very minor changes like muting and re-saved three or four times.
Here is what is strange –
Original file = 1 MB
main LX file was 2 megs and each subsequent save gained about 1 MB each time I hit save! So, the final grew to 6 MB after just a few saves!
I checked to see if there was some large edit history file I could purge – but it was empty because all I had done was change some mutes…
Q: what is going on with this large file size growing every time I hit save without any major changes – I would like to know what's going on.

It has to do with undo history, backups, and autosaves. You can see these if you right click on the file and show package contents. Explore in there and you should see these growing in the alternatives folder. I would imagine there is kind of a limit to how many of these there are, but haven't looked to closely at it.

Does anyone know why I get varying file sizes when I save a jpg (with same settings-None, 12, base "standard", preview checked) from PhotoshopCS5?

I opened a .psd file (300 ppi, CMYK, .jpgs (1626px x 2130px), I saved it as a jpg (None, 12, base "standard", preview checked).
I then closed the original .psd file.
I repeated those steps on the same file and saved a series of 6 .jpgs.
Of those 6 files, I received 2 large files (6.2MB) and 4 smaller (3.2MB) files.
My coworkers who were having trouble opening some of my jpg images in Windows Photo Gallery on Vista OS were able to open the smaller files but not the larger ones.
Do you have any idea why the same settings would give me different file sizes from CS5?
Is there a way I can make it consistently keep the smaller more compatible version?

How well a image data compresses depends on image content. Image with High detail do not compress well image will little detail will compress well and the file size will be small. Compare a image of a blank white wall to a wall with a black and white checker board wall paper. One is all white it white no other detail to detail the other has squares that vary in size because of perspective angle and distance a lot of detail must be recorded.
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File Size Indication Mismatch. Why?

After all this time with LR, I just noticed something puzzling that I have somehow probably missed an explanation for.
Why does LR show file sizes smaller than the actual file size. I have tif scans that are about 32megs that are shown in LR as 6 megs. Normally, I pay no attention to file size, but today I did. Is it that the size indication is for the preview maybe? Or, am I missing something basic here?

The size indication you are looking at is probably for megapixels. You can see the actual filesize in Lightroom in the metadata panel if you set it to "all" but I don't think you can show it on the badge in the Library grid display. A 6MP 16-bit uncompressed tiff should be about 36 megs, so close enough..

Why does Acrobat X Reduce File Size make significantly bigger files?

Drawings at AO size, probably from AutoCad, each pdf ranging in size from 600 to 800kb. No encription. No attachments. No embedded fonts. Reprinted them through Acrobat X Pro to A3 then combined them. Binder size was about 5MB, too large for my client's email system.
Ran the binder through Reduce File size with compatibilty to Version 7 and the binder blew out in size by 20%. Increased the version compatibility to Version 8 and it increased yet again, to Version 9 stayed the same as 8.
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If you have a file made from AutoCAD it is probably just line drawing. There is really no scope to reduce the size of these (except by taking away lines, which wouldn't be popular). I don't know why it gets bigger, but it's unlikely to get smaller, so I'd recommend finding a different way to deliver the file (many web sites exist for delivering large files).

Why file size is aligned to 4096 ?

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