Why is the extends constraint necessary?

I'm sure there is a good reason, but why is the extends constraint necessary in the generics spec? For example:
public class Foo <E extends Bar>instead of
public class Foo <Bar>It seems to me that proper design would usually dictate that Bar be an abstract class or interface in this instance anyway, so the extends constraint should be implicit. I am new to Java generics but have some experience with templates in C++. What am I missing here?

DOH! Now I see it. Never mind...

Similar Messages

Why was the extended star schema scrapped?

Hi,
BW on HANA takes out the dimension tables and gives us back the original star schema structure.
Now my questions are
- How did the original extended star schema help the old BW on oracle or DB2 systems? I mean what was the need for such a design
- If it offered some kind of optimization .. then why was it scrapped in BW on HANA? Couldn't it have added on to the performance that HANA DB brought?
Regards,
Sam

Can anyone please explain.. ? Krishna Tangudu Thomas Jung Shyam Uthaman .. Any thoughts?

Why is the 'From' field necessary?

Hi all,
I'm sorry if my question is too basic, I couldn't find the answer in the FAQ section.
My question is this: I understood that javamail APIs communicate with the mail server and sends mails after login.
I'm using SMTP and I login the mail server with username and password. How come I can set the from field to something else other than my own email address? Does it mean I can impersonate someone else even though I logined with username and password to my email account?
Thanks

Thanks for your reply!
I have an additional question. If I populated the setFrom() method and the mail server disabled this option, will I catch any thrown exception? What type?
Thanks!!

Why does my airport utility always ask me to connect an ethernet cable when I would like to use the extended network option?

Why does my airport utility always ask me to connect an ethernet cable when I would like to use the extended network option?

Please locate the model number on the side of the AirPort Express. Hard to see.....gray lettering on a white background....so you may likely need a magnifying glass and good lighting to see it.
The model number starts with a "A" followed by four numbers. If you see A1084 or A1088, unfortunately AirPort Utility 6.x in Mavericks OS X (10.9.4) does not support these older models. However, you can still administer these models if you have a Mac.....or can borrow one for a few minutes....using Leopard (10.5.x) or Snow Leopard (10.6.x), or a PC with AirPort Utility installed on the device.

Why is the Adobe Media Encoder CS5 extending the duration of my video?

Adobe Media Encoder CS5 takes my (7) second MPEG video and converts it into a (3) minute FLV file. Why does the encoder do this? Why can't I change the video duration?

This forum for Flash Media Live Encoder.
Forum path for Adobe Media Encoder:
http://forums.adobe.com/community/ame
btw check timeline where MPEG video placed, is this 7 sec. video and rest of timeline empty (As encoding area set to 3 min.) or video stretched?

Why does the default install make a partition for boot?

The installer, if one lets it prepare one's hard drive, makes a partition for boot, and formats it as a second extended filesystem. I know that people debate the need for/desirability of a partition for boot, and I do not mean to revive that debate. Rather, I am interested in knowing why the Arch developers, like the developers of some other distributions, such as Gentoo, but unlike some, such as Slackware, call for a boot partition, with ext2fs file system, on a default install. Should Arch users interpret this as a recommendation? Also, why is the partition quite a bit larger (although tiny compared to the available space on hard drives these days) than seems necessary?
Thanks.

I've looked at a couple of books and a fair number of internet posts on this, and I must say that these responses are a good deal more concise and clear than what I have come across. I did find it interesting that the Slackware on-line manual doesn't make any effort to encourage it. On the other hand, what you guys are saying sounds sensible enough.
I have both Arch and Gentoo running, sharing a boot partition, which I set at 50MB. I'm using 25% of it, which is why I ask about size - obviously not in terms of overall capacity, but in terms of need.
Why not a lot less - say, even if one is considering dual boot, 20MB? And where do numbers like 32MB come from (the Arch, and indeed Gentoo, default, also referred to by T-Dawg)? Why not use round numbers?
Does 32MB have some rational/irrational/astrological/lucky 7 connection to 64MB RAM, sort of like designating 128MB as swap instead of using numbers like 120MB or 125MB or 130MB?
As you probably know, in Gentoo this stuff is done on the command line in fdisk, and I found it quite odd to be told in their manual to tell fdisk that the boot partition should be 32MB (assuming a single operating system) and swap should be 256MB, especially since fdisk and my hard drive took these numbers with a grain of salt and conspired to adjust them to slightly different numbers complete with decimals. Arch, on default, does the same.
Then I find out that with two operating systems, I'm using about 13MB out of 50MB (or rather 49.9MB, as fdisk and my hard drive decreed)
To change the subject a bit, I think that it is a good idea that the current version of Arch .08 would create, on the default track, a /home partition. There are some nice ideas in the install dialogue, including in the section on setting up a hard drive.

Prolem with the hgrow constraint on a Column in a GridPane

Hello,
I am displaying the following controls in a GridPane.
1. In row 1, a Label, a TextField, and a Button
2. In row 2, A Label
3. In row 3, a TextArea
4. In row 4, a Label
The complete program is at the end.
Question #1:
When I set the hgrow to ALWAYS for the first column through the statusBar Label control, the first column does not grow. Is it a bug or am I missing something in the JavaDoc to explain this behavior? When I set the hgrow constraint to ALWSY on nameLbl, it works.
Question #2:
Why is the nameLbl not getting enough width to display it completely?
Thanks
Kishori
// GridPaneForm.java
package test;
import javafx.application.Application;
import javafx.scene.Scene;
import javafx.scene.control.Button;
import javafx.scene.control.Label;
import javafx.scene.control.TextArea;
import javafx.scene.control.TextField;
import javafx.scene.layout.GridPane;
import javafx.scene.layout.Priority;
import javafx.stage.Stage;
public class GridPaneForm extends Application {
     public static void main(String[] args) {
          Application.launch(args);
     public void start(Stage stage) {
          // A Label and a TextField
          Label nameLbl = new Label("Name:");
          TextField nameFld = new TextField();
          // A Label and a TextArea
          Label descLbl = new Label("Description:");
          TextArea descText = new TextArea();
          descText.setPrefColumnCount(20);
          descText.setPrefRowCount(5);
          // Two buttons
          Button okBtn = new Button("OK");
          Button cancelBtn = new Button("Cancel");
          // A Label used as a status bar
          Label statusBar = new Label("Status: Ready");
          statusBar.setStyle("-fx-background-color: lavender;" +
                             "-fx-font-size: 7pt;" +
                             "-fx-padding: 10 0 0 0;");
          // Create a GridPane and set its background color to lightgray
          GridPane root = new GridPane();
          root.setStyle("-fx-background-color: lightgray;");
          // Add children to the GridPane
          root.add(nameLbl, 1, 1, 1, 1);   // (c1, r1, colspan=1, rowspan=1)
          root.add(nameFld, 2, 1, 1, 1);   // (c2, r1, colspan=1, rowspan=1)
          root.add(descLbl, 1, 2, 3, 1);   // (c1, r2, colspan=3, rowspan=1)
          root.add(descText, 1, 3, 2, 1); // (c1, r3, colspan=2, rowspan=1)
          root.add(okBtn, 3, 1, 1, 1);     // (c3, r1, colspan=1, rowspan=1)
          root.add(cancelBtn, 3, 2, 1, 1); // (c3, r2, colspan=1, rowspan=1)
          root.add(statusBar, 1, 4, 3, 1); // (c1, r4, colspan=3, rowspan=1)
          /* Set constraints for children to customize their resizing behavior */
          // The max width of the OK button should be big enough,
          // so it can fill the width of its cell
          okBtn.setMaxWidth(Double.MAX_VALUE);
          // The name field in the first row should grow horizontally
          //GridPane.setHgrow(nameFld, Priority.ALWAYS);
          // The description field in the third row should grow vertically
          GridPane.setVgrow(descText, Priority.ALWAYS);
          // The status bar in the last should fill its cell
                GridPane.setHgrow(statusBar, Priority.ALWAYS);
          statusBar.setMaxWidth(Double.MAX_VALUE);
          Scene scene = new Scene(root);
          stage.setScene(scene);
          stage.setTitle("Creating Forms Using a GridPane");
          stage.show();
}

Hello,
I am displaying the following controls in a GridPane.
1. In row 1, a Label, a TextField, and a Button
2. In row 2, A Label
3. In row 3, a TextArea
4. In row 4, a Label
The complete program is at the end.
Question #1:
When I set the hgrow to ALWAYS for the first column through the statusBar Label control, the first column does not grow. Is it a bug or am I missing something in the JavaDoc to explain this behavior? When I set the hgrow constraint to ALWSY on nameLbl, it works.
Question #2:
Why is the nameLbl not getting enough width to display it completely?
Thanks
Kishori
// GridPaneForm.java
package test;
import javafx.application.Application;
import javafx.scene.Scene;
import javafx.scene.control.Button;
import javafx.scene.control.Label;
import javafx.scene.control.TextArea;
import javafx.scene.control.TextField;
import javafx.scene.layout.GridPane;
import javafx.scene.layout.Priority;
import javafx.stage.Stage;
public class GridPaneForm extends Application {
     public static void main(String[] args) {
          Application.launch(args);
     public void start(Stage stage) {
          // A Label and a TextField
          Label nameLbl = new Label("Name:");
          TextField nameFld = new TextField();
          // A Label and a TextArea
          Label descLbl = new Label("Description:");
          TextArea descText = new TextArea();
          descText.setPrefColumnCount(20);
          descText.setPrefRowCount(5);
          // Two buttons
          Button okBtn = new Button("OK");
          Button cancelBtn = new Button("Cancel");
          // A Label used as a status bar
          Label statusBar = new Label("Status: Ready");
          statusBar.setStyle("-fx-background-color: lavender;" +
                             "-fx-font-size: 7pt;" +
                             "-fx-padding: 10 0 0 0;");
          // Create a GridPane and set its background color to lightgray
          GridPane root = new GridPane();
          root.setStyle("-fx-background-color: lightgray;");
          // Add children to the GridPane
          root.add(nameLbl, 1, 1, 1, 1);   // (c1, r1, colspan=1, rowspan=1)
          root.add(nameFld, 2, 1, 1, 1);   // (c2, r1, colspan=1, rowspan=1)
          root.add(descLbl, 1, 2, 3, 1);   // (c1, r2, colspan=3, rowspan=1)
          root.add(descText, 1, 3, 2, 1); // (c1, r3, colspan=2, rowspan=1)
          root.add(okBtn, 3, 1, 1, 1);     // (c3, r1, colspan=1, rowspan=1)
          root.add(cancelBtn, 3, 2, 1, 1); // (c3, r2, colspan=1, rowspan=1)
          root.add(statusBar, 1, 4, 3, 1); // (c1, r4, colspan=3, rowspan=1)
          /* Set constraints for children to customize their resizing behavior */
          // The max width of the OK button should be big enough,
          // so it can fill the width of its cell
          okBtn.setMaxWidth(Double.MAX_VALUE);
          // The name field in the first row should grow horizontally
          //GridPane.setHgrow(nameFld, Priority.ALWAYS);
          // The description field in the third row should grow vertically
          GridPane.setVgrow(descText, Priority.ALWAYS);
          // The status bar in the last should fill its cell
                GridPane.setHgrow(statusBar, Priority.ALWAYS);
          statusBar.setMaxWidth(Double.MAX_VALUE);
          Scene scene = new Scene(root);
          stage.setScene(scene);
          stage.setTitle("Creating Forms Using a GridPane");
          stage.show();
}

Why is the small text blurry on photoshop?

why is the small text blurry on photoshop? i am **** a very small advert for a newspaper! and the text is printing blurry and when zoomed in is appearing all blurry? how do i stop this i only have photoshop and indesign

c.pfaffenbichler schrieb:
If a vector is intact, no flattening has been done. I don't talk about PDF layers, they are a complete different thing. When flattening is done no form or text survives as live vector or live text.
The pdf is X-1, so there are no Layers or transparencies in it, but the text is searchable still.
So I guess you are correct in that no flattening has happened, rather Photohop embedded two images in the pdf and clipped the one with the type.
Exaclty, whe a pDF X1 or 3 is created transparency is flattened and here it can come to unwanted rasterizing of vectors.
How will you create the correct boxes for bleed and crop in Photoshop?
For a newspaper add those will probably be irrelevant as bleed is hardly necessary.
Not at all, it is much easier to assamble files in a greater layout if all boxes are correct.
You know it good enough that this is not the right tool for that task?
Indesign is definitely the preferable tool for the task at hand, but claiming Photoshop cannot output type except pixelated was not proper.
I think in a forum we should not support the use of wrong tools but we have to show the best way to do things correct.
And there are also problems which cannot avoided with higher knowledge like coloured black (not in this ad). Yes, you an me we are capable to shift around the known problems with ads created in Photoshop, but others don't know these problems and will crash.

Weird one.. i can't return a variable from the extended to the super class

Hey everyone, i hope i'm not annoying you guys :)
So today's problem is to return a variable (int) from a method of the extended class and print it ont the super class.
I'm just testing the super class , if it works fine.
So the extended class ( FileIO) just read the file txt and return the integer or string ( from the txt file)
I already did a main method to that class and tested it, it works fine.
So now the problem is to print the integer ( that the extended class gets from the txt. ) inside the Super class. I mean , is the same thing but now im testing the Super class , just have to do the same thing, a super class method calls the extended class method and receive the integer from the txt file.
i think the problem is when i create the instance of the FileIO object , maybe its constructor ...i don't know.
The name of the txt file is passed from the super class to the extended class, but i think the error is not from there.
this.aero_le = new BufferedReader(new FileReader(super.ficheiroleitura_aero())); // super calls ficheiroleitura_aero() and receive the name of the txt file ( e.g "temp.txt") so i think that is correct.
here's the code of the Super class public class Aeroporto {
     private String filereader_voo = "temporary.txt";
     private String filereader_aero = "temp.txt";
     private String siglaAero = "";
     public FileIO file;
     public Aeroporto(){};
     public Aeroporto(String filereader_voo, String filereader_aero) throws IOException{
          this.filereader_voo = filereader_voo;
          this.filereader_aero =filereader_aero;
          file = new FileIO();
     public String siglaAero() {
          return siglaAero; }
     public String filereader_aero(){
          return filereader_aero;
public int nrLines() throws IOException{   // it was supose to retunr the number of lines ( integer) from the txt file .
          return Integer.parseInt(file.lerLinhaN(1,1));
// main() {
Aeroporto a = new Aeroporto();
          int v = a.nrLines();
          System.out.print(v);
// ***********************************************************+
// Extended Class
public class FileIO extends Aeroporto{
     private String ficheiroescrita;
     private PrintWriter vooescreve, aeroescreve ;
     private BufferedReader voo_le, aero_read;
     public FileIO(){}
     public FileIO(String filereader_voo, String filereader_aero, String ficheiroescrita) throws IOException {
          super(filereader_voo, filereader_aero);
          this.ficheiroescrita = ficheiroescrita;
          //If file does not exists , create one.
          try{
               this.aero_read = new BufferedReader(new FileReader(super.filereader_aero()));
               aero_read.close();
          catch(IOException ex){
               this.aeroescreve = new PrintWriter(new FileWriter(ficheiroescrita));
               aeroescreve.close();
public String lerLinhaN(int line, int column) throws IOException{ // this method works fine , i already tested this class.
          this.aero_read = new BufferedReader(new FileReader(super.filereader_aero()));
          for(int i = 0; i != line-1; ++i) aero_read.readLine();
          String linha = aero_read.readLine();
          String [] words = linha.split(" ");
          return words[column-1];
Maybe the error is that i use to test the Super class a default contructor on both classes... i don't know where the error is, i also did two small classes ( super and another that extends ) and get the string "Hello" from the super and print it inside the extended..and it works, that's why i think the error is when i call the extended class .. need help.
thanks.

Ok,
This one might actually work... atleast it compiles.import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.FileReader;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.io.FileWriter;
import java.io.IOException;
public abstract class FileIO {
     public static boolean CreateOutputFileIfNotExists(
          String outputFilename //the name of the file to ensure exists.
     ) throws IOException
          final String functionName = "FileIO.CreateOutputFileIfNotExists";
          boolean retVal = false;
          //If the output file does does not exist then create it.
          //post condition: output file exists or an IOException has been thrown.
          BufferedReader infile = null;
          try{
               infile = new BufferedReader(new FileReader(outputFilename));
               retVal = true;
          } catch(IOException ex) {
               PrintWriter outfile = null;
               try {
                    outfile = new PrintWriter(new FileWriter(outputFilename));
                    retVal = true;
               } catch(IOException ex2){
                    throw new IOException(functionName + ": cannot create output file " + outputFilename, ex2);
               } finally {
                    outfile.close();
                    if (outfile.checkError()) {
                         throw new IOException(functionName + ": error on output stream " + outputFilename);
          } finally {
               try {
                    infile.close();
               } catch(IOException ex){
                    throw new IOException(functionName + ": cannot close output file " + outputFilename, ex);
          return(retVal);
     public static String readLine(
               String inputFilename //the name of the file to read.
          , int     lineNumber    //1 based number of the line to read from.
     ) throws IOException
          final String functionName = "FileIO.readLine";
          String outputLine = null;
          // reads the numbered "lineNumber" from "inputFilename".
          BufferedReader infile = null;
          try {
               infile = new BufferedReader(new FileReader(new File(inputFilename)));
               for(int i=1; i<lineNumber; ++i) infile.readLine();
               outputLine = infile.readLine();
          } catch(IOException ex){
               throw new IOException(functionName + ": cannot read input file " + inputFilename, ex);
          } finally {
               try {
                    infile.close();
               } catch(IOException ex){
                    throw new IOException(functionName + ": cannot close input file " + inputFilename, ex);
          return(outputLine);
     public static String readWord(
               String inputFilename //the name of the file to read.
          , int lineNumber        //1 based number of the line to read from.
          , int wordNumber        //0 based number of the word to read.
     ) throws IOException
          final String functionName = "FileIO.readWord";
          String outputWord = null;
          // reads the numbered space-seperated "wordNumber" from the numbered "lineNumber" of "inputFilename"
          try {
               String[] words = FileIO.readLine(inputFilename, lineNumber).split(" ");
               if (wordNumber>0 && wordNumber<words.length) outputWord = words[wordNumber-1];
          } catch(IOException ex){
               throw new IOException(functionName + ": cannot read input file " + inputFilename, ex);
          return(outputWord);
}Design notes... FileIO is a generic helper class... there is nothing specific to Airports, flights, or any other "domain" specific stuff in it... so it's re-usable... you can keep it and reuse it on other projects, or even share it with your friends.
So... The airport class will just call the static methods on FileIO like this    ....
    int lineNumber=1;
    int wordNumber=1;
    String airportCode = FileIO.readWord(airportsFilename, lineNumber, wordNumber);
    ....How's that?
corlettk: my now mandatory edit.

Why is the first video frame black?

Why is the first frame black? How can I fix this? When I edit a video, which includes removing the first second, and render it using medium quality H.264, the first frame is black in QuickTime, and the first second or two of video is black in HTML5 Video on the web. When I load it in PS CS6 Extended, the first frames do not appear black. When I render in low quality I don't get black frames but HTML5 Video looks terrible in Internet Explorer. Thanks.

Why is the first frame black? How can I fix this? When I edit a video, which includes removing the first second, and render it using medium quality H.264, the first frame is black in QuickTime, and the first second or two of video is black in HTML5 Video on the web. When I load it in PS CS6 Extended, the first frames do not appear black. When I render in low quality I don't get black frames but HTML5 Video looks terrible in Internet Explorer. Thanks.

Why is the sparse bundle so much smaller than the backed up computer...can I be confident all files are backed up?

Hey gang,
iphoto folder became big so I have moved it to an external drive. I made sure the external disk is not excluded from timemachine backup in tm preferences. Backup seemed to take forever (it actually said "preparing for backup" the whole time with a spinning progress bar) ie 24 hours and still the same pogress bar.
i stopped the process as i had no confidence anything was actually happening
When i open up time machine, an earlier version of my imac is there, but the external drive is kind of greyed and i cannot access it.
When I check the sparse bundle size, it is under 200 gb, when my imac is around 600 gb, 900 with the external drive.
Why is the sparse bundle so small relative to the imac? are there hidden data files outside of the sparse bundle? when checking the preferences, it states total included is 921 gb...yet that is not reflected in the sparse bundle size.
I want to be sure iphoto is actually backed up before deleting it from my imac.
thanks anyone!

marten berkman wrote:
I am wondering whether the "processing" progress bar was due to the time capsule freeing up space for the additional data on the new external drive. When I cancelled it, available space on the tc incresed from 200 to 500 gb.
Yes, quite possibly. Especially on Leopard and Snow Leopard, that process on network backups is excruciatingly repetitive and slow. It's improved greatly in Lion and later, but still isn't exactly quick.
The backup complete, i checked the contents of the backed up version of the external drive, and the iphoto folder was the same size as original, so I have confidence that iphoto is backed up. Now I could delete the iphoto from the imac, freeing up tons of space.
Yay!
Still curious why the imac sparsebundle is only 160gb, while my macbook pro sparsebundle is about 700 gb...as though they are inversely named from the computers they back up.
Oh, I didn't realize you had two Macs backing-up to the TC. Which one is the external HD connected to?
Unless you've specifically excluded things, after the initial backup, the sparse bundle should be nearly the size of the data it's backing-up (TM does exclude some things like system work files, most caches and logs, and trash, so the backups are a few GBs smaller). As you do more backups, of course, it will grow.
So please clarify how much data is on each drive, Mac, and sparse bundle.
Also, the 2tb time capsule has 258 gb of 1.8 tb available....am I to suppose that there is hidden backup data not in the sparse bundles?
Sparse bundles are odd critters. They don't automatically shrink when things are deleted from them. Instead, the vacated space is used for new files until it's full, then it begins to grow again. Time Machine will "compact" them when necessary, to reclaim the empty space, but doesn't take the time to do it unless it's out of room.
You can do that manually if you want, per the pink box in Time Machine - Frequently Asked Question #12.
Message was edited by: Pondini

Why is the brightness of my iMac become 100% automatically when I turn on..

Why is the brightness of my iMac become 100% automatically when I turn on my computer even though I set the brightness to the lowest before I shut it down.
I want to set the brightness to the lowest every time I turn on the computer automatically.
Is there anything I can do?

Hi,
There seems to be a serious issue with screen brightness on the 24" iMac. About 6 days ago I bought a 24" iMac (2.66 Mhz model w/4 GB RAM + 640HD).
Out of the box it had Leopard 10.5.5 installed; there were several problems.
1. Screen brightness was way too BRIGHT. Display preferences would not pull brightness down. At least not down far enough so that the screen could be viewed without extreme discomfort. Plus add insult to injury a reboot would reset the preferences to maximum brightness. NOTE: An upgrade to 10.6.1 did NOT fix the issue.
2. Viewing a browser page via either Safari or Firefox (latest versions of each) was not good. A vertical scrolling would be jumpy and appear pixelated. Upgrade to 10.6.1 seemed to fix most of the issue in Safari, but Firefox was still not working properly. The issue appeared like a horizontal "ripple" in about the bottom 2/3 of the browser window. The effect did NOT extend outside of browser window. Changing screen resolutions did not work.
3. Connecting a USB Logitech head set caused issues with Sound preferences.
If the head set was connected during startup the machine would recognize them as main sound. The internals speakers did NOT appear in the Sound preferences. as an optional choice. Removing USB headset and reboot would return the internal speakers to the Sound preferences. Plugging in headseat would work for a while. We could repeat and same problem would occur.
These are all in 10.6.1 - definate bugs.
Returned with the iMac to the Apple store. Bottom line, after nearly three hours; the Apple technician, and everyone could see what we were talking about.
Regarding the screen brightness. Nothing they could do about it. They stated that "not too many people have complained about it, to their knowledge." They stated that the electronics in the "florescent" panel could not be turned down the same way. TRANSLATION: The programers at Apple let this one slip past them. As a customer (software programmer & network analyst) I expected a bit more of an intelligent answer.
However.
Examining the 20" model I noticed that we could turn down the screen brightness - at least to a level that my wife and I could live with. PLUS the settings remained after a restart. Something that was NOT happening with the 24" model.
So - we exchanged the 24" for a 20". Frankly we are a LOT happier. The Safari/Firefox issue is still carried over to the 20". However it is not nearly so noticable on the smaller screen.
Plus the USB headset did not cause the same Sound Preference issues.
So - Thanks for the speedy return/exchange of the iMac. But someone needs to look at this from the programming side of things.

Why is the AEXn Range @ pure 5GHz only 30 feet?

I recently went through the hassle of upgrading to wireless N twice - the first time not realizing the problems present in 2.4GHz channel bonding. After realizing this and upgrading all my hardware to 5GHz compliant hardware including the AEXn Gigabit Edition, I was pretty happy that I got 5GHz and 300Mbps connections.
However, I've always seen that N is touted as a faster and farther range alternative. However, in a space where there are no walls, my 5GHz signal range is only about 30 feet. After that, it drops off sharply - even more so when I move slowly up the stairs. Once I reach the top of my stairs, the signal is gone.
On 2.4GHz N only mode, I get range all over the house and consistently achieve a 13 to 30Mbps in the farthest reach of the house at well over 200 feet through walls and such. While within decent range of 50 feet or less, I achieve the maximum 130Mbps for 2.4GHz. Why is the signal degredation so ridiculously high when using 5GHz? I was trying to find the power output for the 5GHz antenna but have been unable to find it. Alternatively, is there a way to mod the AEXn to transmit both 5GHz and 2.4GHz simultaneously? Or is that a hardware limitation that cannot be adjusted?
As a side note, I've eliminated all 5GHz handsets and cell phones from the house while running my tests. In addition, I have also replaced all our house phones with 1.9GHz phones with the only 2.4GHz device being a baby monitor, which is off most of the time. There is also about 500 feet from my router to neighbors on both sides of my house - so it's hard to picture them causing 5GHz interference. any suggestions?
Message was edited by: Chuck H.

I pretty much have the same experience. To get 5GHz channel service on my third floor I had to "extend the network" with a second AEBSn, which drops the effective rate from 300 to 108. Still better than 54, but not as good as 300. On the first floor get 300.

Using the Android Reader app, why is the signature option greyed out?

I have a client that has enlisted me to create 3 fillable PDF forms. I used FormsCentral to create these fillable forms, then I saved them as PDFs to my Dropbox. I opened the Adobe Reader app on my Tablet, and access the forms. As for the client, they are home builders, and these 3 forms are 3 different stages of the building process. They are using them to interact with the new homeowner. They want to do this on Samsung Note 10.1 tablets with Verizon data. There are 3 issues I am faced with fixing:
1. The signing process is quite a process. Meaning too many clicks to setup and apply a digital signature according to the customer. And that is on a PC, because I am unable to use the "signature" function - the button is greyed out. Why is that?
2. Once we resolve the above issue, then will there be a way to "lock" the form so that the customer's responses and selections are unchangeable? If so, how?
3. Once the form is signed and "locked" (if possible), what is the simplest way to send the form via e-mail? I ask because they want there to be a way to setup the form to e-mail copies to the addresses that are entered into an e-mail field on the form. Sort of "auto-populate" the addresses as well as be able to set a predetermined address (back to their office) so that the results may be sent via mobile instantly upon completion.
I know that is a lot to ask. Your help would be most appreciated!
Thanks in advance, Rob

(1) Why is the Signature button greyed out (disabled)?
You used FormsCentral to create fillable forms and exported to PDF. When exporting FormsCentral forms to PDF forms, FormsCentral adds "extended rights" to PDF forms so that users can fill out the PDF forms in Adobe Reader (which is a PDF viewer, not a PDF editor).
The current version (11.5.0) of Adobe Reader for Android does not allow signatures to be added to any "Reader Extended" PDF documents (including forms). We are actively investigating and trying to resolve the problem.
(2) Is there a way to "lock" a PDF form?
You can "flatten" a PDF form after the form has been filled out and signed by a customer. Once flattened, it's not possible to change filled data or signatures. When you try to email a filled PDF form (optionally with a signature), Adobe Reader for iOS will present the E-mail Document dialog with two options: "Send Original Document" and "Send Flattened Copy". You can choose the "Send Flattened Copy" option.
Unfortunately, the feature has not been supported in Adobe Reader for Android yet.
(3) What is the easiest way to send a "flattened" copy via email?
Because the issues 1 & 2 above have not been resolved, you are not able to do this in Adobe Reader for Android. However, you can do this in Adobe Reader for iOS.
First, you need to add a Submit button to your PDF form. I am not sure if you can do this in FormsCentral. But you can use Adobe Acrobat (a paid product) to add a Submit button.
Setting action buttons > Add a submit button
When your customer taps the Submit button in the PDF form, Adobe Reader (for iOS - for now) will present thee same E-mail Document dialog. Once the "Send Flattened Copy" option is selected, Reader will launch the default Mail app and auto-populate email address(es) specified for the Submit button action.
Please let us know if you have further questions.

Why is the volume of my phone so low in calls ?

Why is the volume of my phone so low in calls ?

Hey there Claudia,
It sounds like the audio from the receiver is low when you are talking on the phone. I found this article for you to help troubleshoot this issue named:
iPhone: Receiver and call audio quality issues
http://support.apple.com/kb/ts5196
Receiver
Follow these steps to resolve the issue:
Increase the volume during the call.
Make sure nothing is blocking the receiver. If you're using a protective case or display film, remove it and try again.
Make sure nothing is plugged into the headphone jack or the dock connector.
Check the receiver opening to see if it is clogged with debris. If necessary, clean it with a clean, small, dry, soft-bristled brush.
Try another location with better signal. If the audio issue happens only when on a call, it could be due to the location.
If the iPhone is paired with a Bluetooth headset or a car kit, try turning off Bluetooth on your device. Learn more about troubleshooting Bluetooth connections.
Restart the iPhone.
Make sure your device is up to date.
If the issue is not resolved after restoring the iPhone software, contact Apple Support.
Thank you for using Apple Support Communities.
All the very best,
Sterling

Why is the extends constraint necessary?

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